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Comparison of the total causal estimations considered heterogeneity and pleiotropic effect between plasma lipids and valvular heart disease risk using two-sample Mendelian randomization. SD, standard deviation; 1 SD is equal to 0.98 mmol/L for low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, 0.41 mmol/L for high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, 1 mmol/L for triglycerides, and 1.10 mmol/L for total cholesterol.
