Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of subjects at the initial evaluation

Characteristic	Study (n=15)	Control (n=15)	p-value
Age (yr)	53.13±10.85	52.24±8.60	0.596
Sex, female	15	15	-
Days from breast cancer-related surgery	30.43±16.09	28.30±11.17	-
Duration of lymphedema (mo)	12.83±8.21	14.40±10.63	0.142
Lymphedema stage 2	15	15	-
Received chemotherapy	15	15	-
Received radiotherapy	12	13	-
VAS	0.64±1.57	0.52±1.35	0.693
Circumference (cm)
Above elbow	28.17±3.01	26.81±4.28	0.492
Elbow	25.94±2.08	24.44±2.37	0.401
Below elbow	26.28±3.02	25.80±2.78	0.556
Wrist	16.21±0.90	16.70±1.63	0.761
Hand	18.00±0.57	17.90±1.28	0.492
Volume (mL)	840.42±181.33	822.00±144.68	0.726
Rate of water content in upper extremity	0.386±0.03	0.380±0.02	0.222
QuickDASH score	4.75±5.72	2.52±3.77	0.426
Skin thickness (mm)	31.14±2.91	30.15±7.40	0.510

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.

VAS, visual analog scale; QuickDASH, the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire.