Table 2.
Electric eel | Human | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chemical | IC50 Value | References | Source | IC50 Value | Reference | In vivo concentration | Reference |
CPO | 0.03 | This study | Blood | 0.27 | This study | ≤ 0.06 | Eyer et al. (2009) |
0.03 | Čolović et al. (2011) | Recombinant enzyme | 0.35 | Sipes et al. (2013) | ≤ 0.02 | Heilmair et al. (2008) | |
0.01 | Jett et al. (1999) | Recombinant enzyme | 0.014 | Li et al. (2019) | |||
0.01 | Meijer et al. (2014) | ||||||
PMO | 0.07 | This study | Blood | 1.8 | This study | ||
DZO | 1.03 | This study | Blood | 2.5 | This study | ||
0.05 | Čolović et al. (2011) | Recombinant enzyme | 1.3 | Li et al. (2019) | |||
PI | 61 | This study | Blood | 20 | This study | ≤ 300 | Hoffmann et al. (2008) |
RI | 53 | This study | Blood | 9.9 | This study | ≤ 0.34 | Lefèvre et al. (2016) |
11 | Uysal et al. (2018) | Neocortex | 9.1 | (Jackisch et al. 2009) | ~ 0.1 | Hossain et al. (2002) | |
11 | Tehrani et al. (2019) | ||||||
56 | (Kratky et al. 2018) | ||||||
501 | (Imramovsky et al. 2012) | ||||||
CPF | > 0.35 | This study | Blood | > 10 | This study | ≤ 10 | Buratti et al. (2003) |
4.5 | Čolović et al. (2011) | Blood | 0.12 | Das et al. (2006) | ≤ 5 | Huen et al. (2012) | |
0.03 | (Assis et al. 2012) | Red blood cells | 200 | (Ajilore et al. 2018) | ≤ 5 | Eyer et al. (2009) | |
PM | > 1.4 | This study | Blood | > 30 | This study | ≤ 50 | Santori et al. (2020) |
Recombinant enzyme | Inactive | (Li et al. 2019) | |||||
DZN | > 8.5 | This study | Blood | > 10 | This study | ≤ 10 | Buratti et al. (2003) |
> 200 | Čolović et al. (2011) | Recombinant enzyme | 38 | Li et al. (2019) | |||
0.3 | Assis et al. (2012) |
IC50s for both electric eel and human (average of all donors) are depicted for all compounds tested in this study: chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPO), phosmet-oxon (PMO), diazinon-oxon (DZO), pirimicarb (PI), rivastigmine (RI), chlorpyrifos (CPF), phosmet (PM), diazinon (DZN). For human values, the source of the enzyme is depicted. The values derived in the current study are indicated in italic and all concentrations are in µM. In vivo concentrations depict concentrations as measured or estimated in plasma following human exposure