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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Physiol Behav. 2020 Aug 23;227:113152. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113152

Fig. 3. The posterior ventral pallidum is necessary for normal hedonic function.

Fig. 3.

Microinjections of mu-opioid and orexin agonists (left) into the pallidum revealed a rostral to caudal organization of hedonic function. Stimulation of the posterior ventral pallidum ‘hotspot’ causally amplifies sucrose orofacial expressions (‘liking’) while the same manipulations in the caudal hedonic ‘coldspot’ suppress them. Temporary inactivation of posterior VP via GABA agonists generates a reversal of hedonic function so that normally ‘liked’ sucrose solutions elicit aversive ‘disgust’ reactions. Adapted from Smith & Berridge (2005) and Ho & Berridge (2014).