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. 2020 Nov 10;10:19422. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76426-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Proposed working model of the flow of pH dependent events following DNA damage. DNA damage, for example from exposure to quinolone and fluoroquinolone antibiotics, results in the stimulation of the SOS response. The SOS response results in a gradual loss of pH homeostasis, in turn the proton depolarisation results in an altered biochemical environment touching all biological processes. Here we specifically show recA induction, RecA’s kinetics and thermodynamics with regards to ssDNA and strand invasion are affected. Additionally morphological plasticity, membrane stability and other downstream processes such as the activity of TLS polymerases are affected.