TABLE 1.

Nucleotide sequences of primers used for quantitative real-time PCR.

Gene	Forward primer sequence	Reverse primer sequence
FSTL3	5′-CTACATCTCCTC GTGCCACA-3′	5′-TCTTCTGCAGACT CACCACCT-3′
GAPDH	5′-GAGTCAACGGAT TTGGTCGT-3′	5′-GACAAGCTTCCC GTTCTCAG-3′
SMAD2	5′-GCCTTTACAGCTTC TCTGAACAA-3′	5′-ATGTGGCAATCCT TTTCGAT-3′
SMAD3	5′-CCCCAGCACATAA TAACTTGG-3′	5′-AGGAGATGGAGCA CCAGAAG-3′

FSTL3, follistatin-like 3.