Table 2.
Patients' characteristics and univariate analysis of factors associated with VTE upon admission.
| Characteristics | Without VTE (n = 429) | VTE (n = 14) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) | 69.0 (55.0-81.0) | 59.0 (49.5-70.0) | 0.051 |
| Male gender | 246 (57.3%) | 10 (71.4%) | 0.412 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 105 (24.5%) | 4 (28.6%) | 0.754 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 33 (7.7%) | 1 (7.1%) | 1.000 |
| Chronic heart failure | 38 (8.9%) | 1 (7.1%) | 1.000 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 65 (15.2%) | 3 (21.4%) | 0.460 |
| Cirrhosis | 16 (3.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.000 |
| Malignancy (hematological or solid organ) | 51 (11.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.386 |
| Previous VTE | 34 (7.9%) | 3 (21.4%) | 0.103 |
| Obesity | 104 (24.2%) | 4 (28.6%) | 0.753 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 5.0 (2.0-6.0) | 2.0 (1.0-4.0) | 0.077 |
| Symptomsa | |||
| Community-acquired infection | 362 (84.4%) | 13 (92.9%) | 0.705 |
| Days from symptoms onset | 7.0 (3.0-10.0) | 10.0 (8.2-12.2) | 0.002 |
| Duration of symptoms ≥8 days | 162 (37.8%) | 11 (78.6%) | 0.004b |
| Fever | 277 (64.6%) | 11 (78.6%) | 0.396 |
| Cough | 280 (65.3%) | 10 (71.4%) | 0.779 |
| Dyspnea | 234 (54.5%) | 12 (85.7%) | 0.027 |
| Thoracic pain | 49 (11.4%) | 5 (35.7%) | 0.019 |
| Signsa | |||
| Temperature (°C) | 38.1 (37.3-38.7) | 37.9 (37.0-38.5) | 0.301 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 117.0 (102.2-127.0) | 107.0 (100.0-130.0) | 0.590 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 92.0 (82.0-104.0) | 103.0 (87.0-111.0) | 0.177 |
| Respiratory rate (breath/min) | 25.0 (21.0-31.0) | 26.0 (24.0-29.0) | 0.805 |
| Glasgow Coma Scale | 15.0 (15.0-15.0) | 15.0 (15.0-15.0) | 0.212 |
| Laboratory findingsa | |||
| White blood cells (G/l) | 6.1 (4.7-8.8) | 10.0 (5.9-13.2) | 0.014 |
| D-dimer (ng/ml) (among 363 patients) | 1039.0 (549.0-2020.0) | 3610.0 (1934.0-7093.8) | <0.001 |
| D-dimer >3,120 ng/ml | 52 (12.1%) | 10 (71.4%) | <0.001b |
| C-reactive protein (mg/l) (among 413 patients) | 61.5 (21.0-124.2) | 91.0 (53.0-187.0) | 0.225 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/ml) (for 321 patients) | 0.2 (0.1-0.4) | 0.2 (0.1-0.5) | 0.876 |
| Radiological findingsa | |||
| Normal X-ray or ceCT scan | 92 (21.4%) | 3 (21.4%) | 1.000 |
| Bilateral infiltrates on X-ray or ceCT scan | 247 (57.6%) | 11 (78.6%) | 0.168 |
| Prior administration of therapeutic or prophylactic anticoagulation | 88 (20.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.083 |
| Scores (prognostic or diagnostic)a | |||
| Padua score | 6.0 (5.0-7.0) | 6.0 (5.0-6.0) | 0.814 |
| Revised Geneva score | 5.0 (3.0-6.0) | 5.0 (4.2-6.8) | 0.205 |
| Revised Geneva score ≥ 4 | 314 (73.2%) | 12 (85.7%) | 0.373 |
| Simplified Geneva risk assessment model | 5.0 (4.0-6.0) | 5.0 (4.2-5.0) | 0.809 |
| Simplified Geneva risk assessment model ≥ 3 | 396 (92.3%) | 12 (85.7%) | 0.305 |
| Wells criteria | 1.0 (0.0-1.5) | 3.8 (1.9-4.5) | <0.001 |
| Wells criteria ≥ 2 | 97 (22.6%) | 10 (71.4%) | <0.001 |
| Outcome | |||
| Type of discharge | |||
| Discharge at home | 217 (50.6%) | 10 (71.4%) | |
| Transfer to other acute care hospital | 48 (11.2%) | 2 (14.3%) | |
| Rehabilitation | 82 (19.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Still hospitalized | 23 (5.4%) | 1 (7.1%) | |
| Death | 59 (13.8%) | 1 (7.1%) | 0.704 |
| Length of hospitalization | 10.9 (4.0-13.0) | 9.9 (3.0-13.0) | 0.688 |
Data are number (%) of patients or median (Q1-Q3). aUpon admission. bFactors included in the multivariate analysis. ceCT: contrast-enhanced computed tomography.