Table 3. Baseline characteristics of patients with NIV intolerance prior to treatment.
| Variables | Overall (n=90) | REM (n=52) | DEX (n=38) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reasons of NIV | 0.641 | |||
| Cardiogenic, n (%) | 82 (91.1) | 48 (92.3) | 34 (89.5) | |
| Non-cardiogenic, n (%) | 8 (9.9) | 4 (7.7) | 4 (10.5) | |
| Duration from surgery to extubation, h | 37 (18, 67) | 34 (17, 75) | 39 (19, 64) | 0.759 |
| Duration from extubation to NIV, h | 24 (5, 41) | 23 (2, 39) | 25 (6, 49) | 0.794 |
| Duration from NIV to sedation, min | 12 (8, 114) | 11 (9, 99) | 12 (7, 133) | 0.697 |
| NIV parameters | ||||
| Support pressure, cm H2O | 10(10, 12) | 10(10, 12) | 11(10, 12) | 0.871 |
| FiO2, % | 60(50, 70) | 60(50, 70) | 60(50, 70) | 0.359 |
| Tidal volume, ml/kg, PBW | 8(7, 10) | 8(7, 10) | 8(7, 11) | 0.452 |
| NIS | 0.661 | |||
| 4 score, n (%) | 34 (37.8) | 21 (40.4) | 13 (34.2) | |
| 3 score, n (%) | 56 (62.2) | 31 (59.6) | 25 (65.8) | |
| CPOT score | 0.303 | |||
| 0 score, n (%) | 58 (64.4) | 36 (69.2) | 22 (57.9) | |
| 1 score, n (%) | 15 (16.7) | 6 (11.6) | 9 (23.7) | |
| 2 score, n (%) | 17 (18.9) | 10 (19.2) | 7 (18.4) | |
| Vital signs | ||||
| HR, beats/min | 102±18 | 104±20 | 99±15 | 0.192 |
| RR, breaths/min | 27±8 | 28±8 | 25±8 | 0.157 |
| SBP, mmHg | 142±27 | 143±29 | 140±23 | 0.548 |
| DBP, mmHg | 65±15 | 65±17 | 66±14 | 0.746 |
| MAP, mmHg | 91±17 | 91±19 | 91±14 | 0.879 |
| SpO2, % | 98 (94, 100) | 98 (95, 99) | 97 (93, 100) | 0.368 |
| PH | 7.45±0.06 | 7.44±0.07 | 7.45±0.04 | 0.296 |
| PaO2, mmHg | 95.47±39.85 | 100.24±44.64 | 87.98±30.40 | 0.27 |
| PaCO2, mmHg | 39.51±7.67 | 40.30±8.93 | 38.25±5.05 | 0.345 |
| LVEF, % | 60 (51, 64) | 59 (53, 64) | 60 (45, 64) | 0.685 |
| NT-pro BNP, pg/mL | 2,225 (1,130, 5,564) | 2,675 (1,366, 4,357) | 1,964 (814, 8,492) | 0.482 |
Continuous data are presented as the mean (SD) or median (IQR). Categorical data are presented as counts (%). NIV, noninvasive ventilation; PBW, predicted body weight; NIS, NIV intolerance score; CPOT, Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool; HR, heart rate; RR, respiratory rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MAP, mean artery pressure, LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NT-pro BNT, N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide.