Table 4.
Immune mediators in plasma of participants on Day 0 and Day 3
| Analyte (pg/mL) | Day 0 (n = 12) |
Day 3 (n = 10) |
Slow resolver Day 0 (n = 5) |
Fast resolver Day 0 (n = 7) |
Slow resolver Day 3 (n = 5) |
Fast resolver Day 3 (n = 5) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNFSF13 | 6511.0 ± 4772 | 2539.9 ± 2986 | 3366.3 ± 3113 | 8757.3 ± 4601 | 1657.4 ± 1626 | 3422.3 ± 3933 |
| TNFSF13B | 1630.7 ± 1725 | 726.4 ± 1102 | 631.4 ± 344 | 2344.4 ± 1987 | 233.0 ± 169 | 1219.8 ± 1448 |
| TNFRSF8 | 889.5 ± 566 | 492.0 ± 465 | 757.5 ± 350 | 983.7 ± 693 | 497.8 ± 461 | 486.2 ± 523 |
| sCD163 | 5729.0 ± 3578 | 2950.8 ± 3196 | 3813.6 ± 2540 | 7097.2 ± 3732 | 2189.3 ± 1468 | 3712.3 ± 4402 |
| Chitinase-3-like 1 | 11,140.4 ± 3988 (n = 9) | 5941.6 ± 5326 (n = 7) | 9741.0 ± 6801 (n = 2) | 12,301.3 ± 327 (n = 4) | 2232.0 ± 3138 (n = 2) | 5956.5 ± 8406.8 (n = 2) |
| gp130/IL-6RB | 7730.6 ± 3091 | 4891.3 ± 4302 | 5633.0 ± 1964 | 9228.9 ± 2943 | 3858.6 ± 2332 | 5923.9 ± 5791 |
| IFN-α2 | 78.6 ± 25 | 50.8 ± 27 | 74.7 ± 12 | 81.4 ± 32 | 54.8 ± 26 | 46.7 ± 31 |
| IFN-β | 118.3 ± 37 | 70.7 ± 44 | 106.2 ± 29 | 126.9 ± 42 | 71.5 ± 38 | 69.9 ± 55 |
| IFN-γ | 105.5 ± 37 | 64.7 ± 40 | 95.2 ± 18 | 112.9 ± 46 | 70.1 ± 38 | 59.2 ± 45 |
| IL-2 | 158.3 ± 53 | 101.1 ± 66 | 154.1 ± 38 | 155.0 ± 62 | 105.6 ± 61 | 96.6 ± 77 |
| sIL-6Rα | 1424.5 ± 521 | 952.7 ± 759 | 1403.7 ± 796 | 1439.4 ± 274 | 874.2 ± 580 | 1031.1 ± 972 |
| IL-8 | 72.2 ± 23 | 44.8 ± 23 | 69.1 ± 17 | 74.4 ± 27 | 48.6 ± 22 | 41.0 ± 26 |
| IL-10 | 105.0 ± 48 | 60.0 ± 35 | 95.3 ± 23 | 111.9 ± 61 | 65.2 ± 31 | 54.7 ± 41 |
| IL-11 | 201.5 ± 75 | 124.2 ± 82 | 193.1 ± 74 | 207.5 ± 82 | 135.0 ± 82 | 113.3 ± 89 |
| IL-12 (p40) | 167.8 ± 63 | 100.4 ± 65 | 152.6 ± 39 | 178.7 ± 77 | 107.9 ± 62 | 92.8 ± 74 |
| IL-12 (p70) | 33.9 ± 8 | 25.9 ± 10 | 35.4 ± 11 | 32.9 ± 7 | 29.4 ± 11 | 22.3 ± 10 |
| IL-19 | 64.9 ± 15 | 45.5 ± 21 | 63.8 ± 9 | 65.6 ± 18 | 51.1 ± 20 | 41.8 ± 23 |
| IL-20 | 104.9 ± 37 | 66.3 ± 37 | 98.9 ± 19 | 109.2 ± 47 | 71.3 ± 35 | 61.3 ± 42 |
| IL-22 | 71.6 ± 14 | 51.6 ± 28 | 68.7 ± 9 | 73.6 ± 17 | 55.8 ± 25 | 47.4 ± 33 |
| IL-26 | 110.3 ± 23 | 73.5 ± 44 | 104.6 ± 16 | 114.4 ± 27 | 81.0 ± 41 | 65.9 ± 51 |
| IL-27 | 50.8 ± 14 | 37.5 ± 18 | 52.8 ± 11 | 49.3 ± 16 | 43.8 ± 19 | 31.2 ± 17 |
| IL-28A/IFN-λ2 | 97.3 ± 37 | 62.6 ± 38 | 87.1 ± 17 | 104.6 ± 47 | 65.2 ± 34 | 60.0 ± 45 |
| IL-29/IFN-λ1 | 51.6 ± 17 | 34.8 ± 19 | 48.2 ± 8 | 54.0 ± 22 | 39.5 ± 18 | 30.0 ± 20 |
| IL-32 | 113.1 ± 32 | 76.1 ± 41 | 111.2 ± 25 | 114.5 ± 38 | 81.6 ± 39 | 70.6 ± 48 |
| IL-34 | 81.9 ± 27 | 52.7 ± 29 | 80.3 ± 19 | 83.1 ± 33 | 57.8 ± 27 | 47.5 ± 34 |
| IL-35 | 177.3 ± 72 | 97.9 ± 65 | 156.7 ± 48 | 192.0 ± 86 | 97.9 ± 56 | 97.9 ± 80 |
| LIGHT/TNFSF14 | 93.9 ± 45 | 47.5 ± 33 | 67.4 ± 22 | 112.9 ± 48 | 47.8 ± 28 | 47.2 ± 42 |
| MMP-1 | 203.8 ± 71 | 119.4 ± 79 | 180.9 ± 14 | 220.1 ± 92 | 128.7 ± 72 | 110.1 ± 93 |
| MMP-2 | 1048.1 ± 1356 | 950.4 ± 1430 | 421.5 ± 200 | 1495.6 ± 1668 | 612.5 ± 791 | 1288.2 ± 1921 |
| MMP-3 | 971.5 ± 862 | 715.7 ± 915 | 644.8 ± 441 | 1204.9 ± 1039 | 527.9 ± 539 | 903.4 ± 1228 |
| Osteocalcin | 339.3 ± 245 | 195.0 ± 209 | 169.1 ± 82 | 460.9 ± 253 | 162.2 ± 168 | 227.8 ± 261 |
| Osteopontin | 13,693.2 ± 2460 | 8409.0 ± 6188 | 12,455.5 ± 2979 | 14,577.3 ± 1729 | 9069.0 ± 5881 | 7748.9 ± 7106 |
| Pentraxin | 7618.4 ± 6430 | 2868.9 ± 2637 | 5515.3 ± 4217 | 9120.6 ± 7592 | 2189.9 ± 1897 | 3547.8 ± 3301 |
| sTNF-R1 | 5070.8 ± 2934 | 3167.8 ± 3160 | 3474.5 ± 2432 | 6210.9 ± 2863 | 3450.4 ± 3366 | 2885.2 ± 3308 |
| sTNF-R2 | 1625.5 ± 1000 | 934.4 ± 1062 | 1196.7 ± 808 | 1931.8 ± 1066 | 1046.5 ± 1128 | 822.3 ± 1111 |
| TSLP | 110.5 ± 46 | 61.5 ± 39 | 93.7 ± 31 | 122.4 ± 53 | 64.1 ± 35 | 58.8 ± 46 |
| TWEAK/TNFSF12 | 149.7 ± 46 | 112.2 ± 76 | 134.5 ± 52 | 160.5 ± 42 | 109.6 ± 60 | 114.7 ± 98 |
Immune mediators were measured in plasma at Day 0 or 3 post-enrollment. Values are mean ± SD. Samples with values below the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) for the assay were removed from the analysis. The number of samples used for calculations (n) is noted in the column subheading, unless otherwise indicated in the individual cells when concentrations for the specific cytokine or chemokine sample fell below the LLOQ. Immune mediators in italics reached statistical significance between Day 0 and Day 3, P < 0.05. The immune mediators TNFSF13 and TNFSF13B demonstrated a significant difference between fast and slow resolvers (independent of day). TNFSF13, Chitinase-3-like 1, IFN-α2, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-8, IL-10, IL-11, IL-12 (p40), IL-19, IL-20, IL-26, IL-32, IL-34, IL-35, TNFSF14, MMP-1, Osteopontin, and TLSP demonstrated a significant difference between concentrations of all participants between Day 0 and Day 3. For each mediator, repeated measure ANOVA was used to compare day 0 and 3, fast and slow resolvers, and interaction