Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants by study arms
| Participant characteristics | Directly assisted HIV self-testing (N = 265) |
Unassisted HIV self-testing (N = 265) |
Total (N = 530) |
p-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | 0.859 | |||
| Male | 104 (39.2) | 106 (40.0) | 210 (39.6) | |
| Female | 161 (60.8) | 159 (60.0) | 320 (60.4) | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 26.9 (6.7) | 26.8 (6.7) | 26.9 (6.7) | 0.881 |
| Age group, n (%) | 0.861 | |||
| Younger 18 to 24 years | 114 (43.0) | 112 (42.3) | 226 (42.6) | |
| Older 25 to 49 years | 151 (57.0) | 153 (57.7) | 304 (57.4) | |
| Marital status, n (%) | 0.589 | |||
| Single | 189 (71.3) | 195 (73.6) | 384 (72.5) | |
| Married/partnered | 73 (27.5) | 65 (24.5) | 138 (26.0) | |
| Separated/divorced or widowed | 3 (1.1) | 5 (1.9) | 8 (1.5) | |
| Occupation, n (%) | 0.778 | |||
| Student | 141 (53.2) | 136 (51.3) | 277 (52.3) | |
| Employed | 63 (23.8) | 61 (23.0) | 124 (23.4) | |
| Unemployed | 61 (23.0) | 68 (25.7) | 129 (24.3) | |
| Educational level, n (%) | 0.176 | |||
| No formal education/ Primary school | 37 (14.0) | 53 (20.0) | 90 (17.0) | |
| College or technical school | 101 (38.1) | 96 (36.2) | 197 (37.2) | |
| University | 127 (47.9) | 116 (43.8) | 243 (45.8) | |
| Religion, n (%) | 0.355 | |||
| Catholic Christianity | 68 (25.7) | 52 (19.6) | 120 (22.6) | |
| Protestant or Pentecostal Christianity | 77 (29.1) | 80 (30.2) | 157 (29.6) | |
| Islam | 33 (12.5) | 32 (12.1) | 65 (12.3) | |
| Others | 87 (32.8) | 101 (38.1) | 188 (35.5) | |
| Recruited participants with the token distributing, n (%) | 88 (33.2) | 98 (37.0) | 186 (35.1) | 0.363 |
| HIV transmission risk factor in the past six months, n (%) | ||||
| Unprotected intercourse with one or more partners, or new sex partners | 227 (85.7) | 218 (82.3) | 445 (84.0) | 0.287 |
| Commercial sex activity | 73 (27.5) | 86 (32.5) | 159 (30.0) | 0.218 |
| Symptoms of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) | 35 (13.2) | 47 (17.7) | 82 (15.5) | 0.149 |
| Being in a known HIV discordant partnership | 6 (2.3) | 3 (1.1) | 9 (1.7) | 0.313 |
| Previously tested for HIV, n (%) | 0.728 | |||
| Never tested | 135 (50.9) | 131 (49.4) | 266 (50.2) | |
| Ever tested | 130 (49.1) | 134 (50.6) | 264 (49.8) | |
| Previous knowledge about HIV self-testing, n (%) | 0.584 | |||
| Yes | 89 (33.6) | 95 (35.8) | 184 (34.7) | |
| No | 176 (66.4) | 170 (64.2) | 346 (65.3) | |
aStatistical comparisons were assessed by Pearson Chi-2 test or Student t test