Table 1.
Demographics and pre-existing comorbidities in non-transplant and transplant patients with NDMM by LOT
| Non-transplant | Transplant | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Non-transplant overall N = 22,062 |
By use of LOT | Transplant overall N = 2763 |
By use of LOT | Frontline induction therapy | Frontline induction therapy by use of consolidation therapya | Frontline induction therapy | |||||
| > 1 LOT n = 9505 |
Only 1 LOT n = 12,557 |
P-valueb | > 1 LOT n = 2184 |
Only 1 LOT n = 579 |
P-valueb | Yes n = 1682 |
Yes n = 187 |
No n = 1495 |
No n = 1081 |
|||
| Age at MM diagnosis, years | ||||||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 71.1 (10.4) | 70.4 (10.1) | 71.6 (10.6) | < 0.0001 | 62.3 (8.7) | 62.3 (8.6) | 62.4 (9.0) | 0.6397 | 62.9 (8.6) | 61.0 (9.1) | 63.1 (8.5) | 61.4 (8.8) |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 72.0 (65.0–79.0) | 72.0 (65.0–78.0) | 73.0 (65.0–80.0) | < 0.0001 | 65.0 (57.0–69.0) | 64.0 (57.0–69.0) | 65.0 (57.0–69.0) | 0.3294 | 65.0 (58.0–69.0) | 62.0 (55.0–68.0) | 65.0 (58.0–69.0) | 63.0 (56.0–68.0) |
| Min, max | 20, 100 | 23, 95 | 20, 100 | 27, 82 | 27, 82 | 31, 80 | 27, 82 | 37, 80 | 27, 82 | 28, 80 | ||
| Age categories, n (%) | < 0.0001 | 0.7143 | ||||||||||
| < 65 | 5197 (23.6) | 2304 (24.2) | 2893 (23.0) | 1378 (49.9) | 1094 (50.1) | 284 (49.1) | 781 (46.4) | NR | NR | 597 (55.2) | ||
| 65–74 | 7741 (35.1) | 3581 (37.7) | 4160 (33.1) | 1298 (47.0) | 1019 (46.7) | 279 (48.2) | 840 (49.9) | 74 (40) | 766 (51) | 458 (42.4) | ||
| 75–84 | 7536 (34.2) | 3174 (33.4) | 4362 (34.7) | 87 (3.1) | 71 (3.3) | 16 (2.8) | 61 (3.6) | NR | NR | 26 (2,4) | ||
| ≥ 85 | 1588 (7.2) | 446 (4.7) | 1142 (9.1) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||
| Male, n (%) | 11,097 (50.3) | 4731 (49.8) | 6366 (50.7) | 0.1745 | 1556 (56.3) | 1249 (57.2) | 307 (53.0) | 0.0723 | 927 (55.1) | 110 (59) | 817 (55) | 629 (58.2) |
| Race, n (%)c | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | ||||||||||
| White | 13,176 (59.7) | 5847 (61.5) | 7329 (58.4) | 1263 (45.7) | 1069 (48.9) | 194 (33.5) | 709 (42.2) | 130 (70) | 579 (39) | 554 (51.2) | ||
| Black | 2901 (13.1) | 1269 (13.4) | 1632 (13.0) | 252 (9.1) | 203 (9.3) | 49 (8.5) | 128 (7.6) | 25 (13) | 103 (7) | 124 (11.5) | ||
| Asian | 428 (1.9) | 205 (2.2) | 223 (1.8) | 26 (0.9) | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | ||
| Hispanic | 225 (1.0) | 108 (1.1) | 117 (0.9) | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | ||
| Unknown/other | 5332 (24.2) | 2076 (21.8) | 3256 (25.9) | 1207 (43.7) | 880 (40.3) | 327 (56.5) | 821 (48.8) | 29 (16) | 792 (53) | 386 (35.7) | ||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | ||||||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 1.5 (1.8) | 1.4 (1.7) | 1.5 (1.8) | 0.0065 | 1.2 (1.5) | 1.1 (1.4) | 1.3 (1.7) | 0.0306 | 1.2 (1.5) | 0.8 (1.5) | 1.3 (1.5) | 1.1 (1.4) |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 1.0 (0–2.0) | 1.0 (0–2.0) | 1.0 (0–2.0) | 0.5335 | 1.0 (0–2.0) | 1.0 (0–2.0) | 1.0 (0–2.0) | 0.2183 | 1.0 (0–2.0) | 0.0 (0–1.0) | 1.0 (0–2.0) | 0.0 (0–2.0) |
| Min, max | 0, 13 | 0, 12 | 0, 13 | 0, 11 | 0, 10 | 0, 11 | 0, 11 | 0, 8 | 0, 11 | 0, 10 | ||
| Comorbidities during 180 days prior to start of first LOT, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Any comorbidity below | 14,539 (65.9) | 6164 (64.9) | 8375 (66.7) | 0.0042 | 1638 (59.3) | 1261 (57.7) | 377 (65.1) | 0.0013 | 1051 (62.5) | 82 (44) | 969 (65) | 587 (54.3) |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 4327 (19.6) | 1627 (17.1) | 2700 (21.5) | < 0.0001 | 294 (10.6) | 232 (10.6) | 62 (10.7) | 0.9528 | 182 (10.8) | 16 (9) | 166 (11) | 112 (10.4) |
| Congestive heart failure | 2984 (13.5) | 1008 (10.6) | 1976 (15.7) | < 0.0001 | 117 (4.2) | 95 (4.3) | 22 (3.8) | 0.5589 | 63 (3.7) | NR | NR | 54 (5.0) |
| Hypertension, complicated | 3718 (16.9) | 1382 (14.5) | 2336 (18.6) | < 0.0001 | 260 (9.4) | 177 (8.1) | 83 (14.3) | < 0.0001 | 165 (9.8) | NR | NR | 95 (8.8) |
| Hypertension, simple | 11,698 (53.0) | 5059 (53.2) | 6639 (52.9) | 0.6022 | 1316 (47.6) | 1016 (46.5) | 300 (51.8) | 0.0234 | 847 (50.4) | 62 (33) | 785 (53) | 469 (43.4) |
| Hepatic disease | 972 (4.4) | 388 (4.1) | 584 (4.7) | 0.0415 | 151 (5.5) | 102 (4.7) | 49 (8.5) | 0.0004 | 104 (6.2) | NR | NR | 47 (4.3) |
| Pulmonary circulation disorders | 1027 (4.7) | 348 (3.7) | 679 (5.4) | < 0.0001 | 56 (2.0) | 39 (1.8) | 17 (2.9) | 0.0807 | 32 (1.9) | NR | NR | 24 (2.2) |
| Renal impairment | 5317 (24.1) | 2083 (21.9) | 3234 (25.8) | < 0.0001 | 471 (17.0) | 352 (16.1) | 119 (20.6) | 0.0116 | 298 (17.7) | 23 (12) | 275 (18) | 173 (16.0) |
| Valvular disease | 2258 (10.2) | 887 (9.3) | 1371 (10.9) | 0.0001 | 158 (5.7) | 119 (5.4) | 39 (6.7) | 0.2357 | 92 (5.5) | NR | NR | 66 (6.1) |
LOT Line of therapy, MM Multiple myeloma, NDMM Newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, NR Not reported, Q Quartile, SD Standard deviation
Values of 1–10 have not been reported to conform to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services cell size suppression policy; Similarly, data have not been reported for categorical variables and by subgroup to avoid making it possible to calculate the values of the NR cells
aConsolidation therapy was evaluated among patients with NDMM who received frontline induction therapy, and was required to have been ongoing for ≥1 month after ASCT
bP-value vs. > 1 LOT; P-values were computed using chi-squared tests for categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables
cRace data were not available in the OPTUM™ Commercial Claims database for patients who received transplant