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Sampling errors. The number of cancer cells sampled from a mixture of cancer cells and normal cells conforms to a binomial distribution. It is assumed that the ratio of cancer cells to normal cells in the cell suspension is 1:100. When 800 cells are collected from the suspension, there is a 96% chance that the ratio of cancer cells in the collection is more than 0.4% (i.e. 32 cells) and a 90% chance that the ratio is more than 0.6% (i.e. 48 cells).
