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Effect of β‐estradiol (E2) on peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ (PPARγ) activity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. (a) In human HepG2 and (b) murine Hepa1‐6 cells, PPARγ activity was determined using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Western blot analyzed nuclear protein PPARγ levels of each group. Lamin A/B served as the loading control. Cold, cold competition reaction; C, protein‐probe complex; F, free probe; NC, no nuclear protein.
