Table 2.
Non‐structural protein (NSP)‐mediated viral spread and cell growth
| NSP | Major target | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| p8I | Cell–cell contact | Increases viral transmission43 |
| p12I | Calreticulin | Induces Ca++ secretion and cell activation40 |
| p12I | IL‐2R β and γc chains | Increases sensitivity to IL‐2 of host cells37 |
| Tax; Rex | 5′‐LTR; viral mRNA | Increases viral replication21, 24 |
| Tax | NFκB; SRF | Increases IL‐2Rα, IL‐6, GM‐CSF, c‐fos, c‐egr58 |
GM‐CSF, granulocyte macrophage colony‐stimulating factor; IL, interleukin; NFκB, nuclear factor kappa B; LTR, long terminal repeat; SRF, serum response factor.