Table 3.
Non‐structural protein (NSP)‐mediated viral defense against host immunity
NSP | Major target | Impact |
---|---|---|
p8I | T‐cell antigen receptor | Causes anergy; inhibits viral 5′‐LTR induction25 |
p12I | MHC‐I | Inhibits viral antigens presented to CTL38 |
p13II | Tax | Inhibits viral replication by direct binding50 |
p30II | Tax/Rex mRNA | Inhibits Tax/Rex production and viral replication46 |
HBZ | CREB‐2 | Inhibits viral transcription by Tax51 |
CREB, CRE‐binding protein; CTL, cytotoxic T‐lymphocytes; HBZ, HTLV‐1 bZIP factor; LTR, long terminal repeat; MHC‐I, major histocompatibility complex class I.