Table 2.

Exposure characterization.

Matrix	Endpoint	Time (days)	Sham/F	3R4F/F	THS (L)/F	THS (M)/F	THS (H)/F	Sham/M	THS (H)/M
Urine	Total nicotine metabolites (nmol)	37–54	2.81 ± 0.46 [12]	492.37 ± 46.28 [12]*	235.38 ± 20.23 [12]*#	435.08 ± 57.52 [12]*	695.32 ± 61.14 [10]*#	2.18 ± 0.22 [12]	1023.31 ± 83.49 [12]*
		156–180	15.6 ± 14.3 [11]	388.93 ± 27.38 [11]*	250.6 ± 17.32 [11]*#	638.76 ± 86.1 [10]*#	723.65 ± 66.67 [12]*#	1.88 ± 0.16 [12]	756.53 ± 94.43 [9]*
		268–292	1.28 ± 0.21 [12]	247.47 ± 33.51 [11]*	308.28 ± 23.66 [13]*	476.36 ± 40.18 [12]*#	636.49 ± 73.17 [10]*#	1.57 ± 0.4 [14]	682.86 ± 101.73 [8]*
		387–411	1.54 ± 0.15 [11]	279.04 ± 29.39 [11]*	243.2 ± 28.6 [11]*	480.45 ± 57.7 [12]*#	843.99 ± 75.55 [14]*#	2.03 ± 0.23 [16]	1053.14 ± 134.74 [11]*
	Hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (ng)	37–61	3,505.83 ± 535.84 [8]	8,071.93 ± 827.84 [8]*	3,629.32 ± 335.2 [8]#	3,744.14 ± 522.57 [8]#	4,686.37 ± 420.74 [8]#
		156–180	2,780.82 ± 267.2 [8]	7,230.68 ± 514.64 [8]*	2,904.94 ± 341.46 [8]#	3,069.31 ± 226.25 [8]#	3,875.35 ± 476.11 [8]#
		268–292	3,072.79 ± 378.82 [8]	7,078.7 ± 1167.21 [8]*	2,917.82 ± 448.25 [8]#	2,345.8 ± 321.16 [8]#	3,177.94 ± 397.37 [8]#
		387–411	1,562.3 ± 253.04 [8]	5,143.63 ± 1232.02 [8]*	1,814.98 ± 316.1 [8]#	2,574.59 ± 403.44 [8]	3,376.89 ± 565.27 [8]*	5,219.38 ± 1,024.69 [7]	9,166.31 ± 921.25 [8]*
	S-Phenylmercapturic acid (ng)	37–61	1.95 ± 0.28 [8]	293.96 ± 21.05 [8]*	3.72 ± 0.43 [8]*#	6.37 ± 0.74 [8]*#	9.2 ± 1.44 [8]*#
		156–180	1.32 ± 0.2 [8]	202.16 ± 17.43 [8]*	2.71 ± 0.36 [8]*#	3.53 ± 0.35 [8]*#	5.73 ± 0.6 [8]*#
		268–292	3.79 ± 0.84 [8]	207.08 ± 32.12 [8]*	4.23 ± 0.43 [8]#	5.24 ± 0.35 [8]#	7.39 ± 1.07 [8]*#
		387–411	1.43 ± 0.14 [8]	164.42 ± 24.77 [8]*	2.51 ± 0.38 [8]*#	4.55 ± 0.32 [8]*#	6.54 ± 0.63 [8]*#	1.75 ± 0.25 [7]	6.9 ± 1.05 [8]*
	2-Cyanoethylmercapturic acid (ng)	37–61	3.92 ± 0.51 [8]	753.83 ± 66.87 [8]*	7.97 ± 0.84 [8]*#	12.38 ± 1.34 [8]*#	18.79 ± 2.92 [8]*#
		156–180	5.45 ± 0.7 [8]	704.4 ± 57.77 [8]*	7.95 ± 0.75 [8]*#	9.95 ± 0.87 [8]*#	14.32 ± 1.17 [8]*#
		268–292	4.88 ± 0.81 [8]	821.47 ± 153.13 [8]*	6.83 ± 0.46 [8]#	8.89 ± 0.47 [8]*#	16.05 ± 1.76 [8]*#
		387–411	3.76 ± 0.62 [8]	684.73 ± 126.09 [8]*	6.96 ± 0.81 [8]*#	9.69 ± 1.42 [8]*#	14.06 ± 1.67 [8]*#	4.83 ± 0.52 [7]	16.95 ± 2.22 [8]*
	Total 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (ng)	37–61	10.01 ± 3.17 [8]	2052.67 ± 184.1 [8]*	46.52 ± 28.56 [8]#	71.72 ± 7.74 [8]*#	177.54 ± 39.97 [8]*#
		156–180	16.4 ± 7.89 [8]	1800.95 ± 189.05 [8]*	59.4 ± 11.88 [8]*#	94.16 ± 32.04 [8]#	184.57 ± 42.78 [8]*#
		268–292	6.82 ± 0.44 [8]	1303.65 ± 248.43 [8]*	27.04 ± 12.41 [8]*#	51.98 ± 13.64 [8]*#	69.37 ± 19.47 [8]*#
		387–411	7.86 ± 0.4 [8]	940.02 ± 161.6 [8]*	26.42 ± 6.67 [8]*#	79.43 ± 13.86 [8]*#	91.11 ± 10.36 [8]*#	6.41 ± 0.46 [7]	71.44 ± 9.01 [8]*
Blood	Carboxyhemoglobin (%)	92–100	3.38 ± 0.04 [8]	32.31 ± 0.91 [9]*	3.85 ± 0.05 [10]*#	4.16 ± 0.07 [9]*#	4.6 ± 0.07 [10]*#	3.52 ± 0.02 [10]	4.76 ± 0.12 [10]*
		218–227	3.46 ± 0.03 [9]	28.99 ± 1.32 [10]*	3.56 ± 0.03 [10]#	3.91 ± 0.05 [10]*#	4.36 ± 0.11 [10]*#	3.49 ± 0.02 [10]	4.56 ± 0.06 [8]*
		337–346	3.36 ± 0.03 [10]	30.64 ± 1.06 [10]*	3.59 ± 0.04 [10]*#	4.02 ± 0.07 [9]*#	4.03 ± 0.06 [10]*#	3.69 ± 0.04 [9]	4.38 ± 0.1 [8]*
		470–477	3.55 ± 0.04 [10]	28.76 ± 1.43 [9]*	3.93 ± 0.04 [10]*#	4.07 ± 0.05 [10]*#	4.36 ± 0.09 [10]*#

Data are presented as mean ± SEM. The number of replicates (N) is given in square brackets. 3R4F, reference cigarette smoke; F, female mice; M, male mice; THS, tobacco heating System.

^* p < .05 versus Sham.

^# p < .05 versus 3R4F cigarette smoke exposure.