Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of enrolled subjects
| Clinical characteristics | DM2 + CVD (n = 14) | Controls (n = 12) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 68.39 (5.08) | 68.09 (5.16) | 0.9 |
| Gender (male %) | 7 (50) | 8 (66.7) | 0.7 |
| BMI (mean (SD)) | 31.06 (6.85) | 26.71 (5.66) | 0.09 |
| Lifestyle | |||
| Current smoker | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 |
| Former smoker | 7 (50) | 6 (50.0) | 1 |
| Past smoker | 7 (50) | 6 (50.0) | 1 |
| Pack-years (mean (SD)) | 9.50 [0–45] | 4.00 [0–10.5] | 0.06 |
| Systolic BP (mean (SD)) | 142.93 (13.38) | 127.5 (15.21) | 0.01 |
| Medical history | |||
| AP (%) | 7 (50) | 0 (0) | 0.02 |
| MI (%) | 4 (28.6) | 0 (0) | 0.1 |
| CVA (%) | 2 (14.3) | 0 (0) | 0.5 |
| PAD (%) | 6 (42.9) | 0 (0) | 0.03 |
| CRP (median [IQR]) | 1.50 [1.30–3.15] | 1.35 [0.85–2.02] | 0.3 |
| Leukocytes (mean (SD)) | 6.59 (1.35) | 5.57 (1.65) | 0.1 |
| Monocytes (mean (SD)) | 0.56 (0.17) | 0.50 (0.13) | 0.4 |
| Glucose (median [IQR]) | 8,05 [7.30–10.15] | 5.35 [5.20–5.60] | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine (median [IQR]) | 89.5 [84–113.75] | 84.5 [66.5–92] | 0.08 |
| Total cholesterol (mean (SD)) | 3.97 (0.77) | 5.48 (1.21) | 0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mean (SD)) | 1.31 (0.22) | 1.73 (0.69) | 0.04 |
| LDL cholesterol (mean (SD)) | 1.93 (0.47) | 3.23 (0.79) | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides (median [IQR]) | 1.39 [1.13–1.70] | 0.85 [0.71–1.29] | 0.02 |
| Lp(a) (median [IQR]) | 103 [90–120.5] | 87.5 [45.25–148.75] | 0.9 |
| Hba1c (median [IQR]) | 63 [54.5–66.75] | 38.5 [38–39.25] | < 0.001 |
| Statin use (%) | 12 (85.7) | 0 | < 0.001 |
| Insulin use (%) | 10 (71.4) | 0 | 0.001 |
Data are presented as the mean (SD), median (IQR) or n (%)
BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, AP angina pectoris, MI myocardial infarction; CVA cerebrovascular accident, PAD peripheral arterial disease, CRP C-reactive protein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein; Lp(a) lipoprotein (a)