. 2020 Nov 10;86(23):e01581-20. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01581-20

TABLE 4.

Abundance and frequency of detection of total and pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in oysters and seawater based on most-probable-number–PCR and total Vibrionaceae

Sampling location	Sample	Gene^a	Log MPN/g or log MPN/ml		Detection frequency (%)
Sampling location	Sample	Gene^a	Range	Avg	Detection frequency (%)
Delaware	Oyster	tlh	1.38–4.97	2.59	100
		tdh	ND^b –2.97	0.94	96.8
		trh	ND–2.38	0.95	93.5
		vvhA	0.52–5.34	2.31	100
		vcgC	ND–3.16	1.07	93.5
		TV	2.84–4.91	3.95	100
	Water	tlh	0.53–3.63	1.86	100
		tdh	ND–1.64	0.20	87.1
		trh	ND–1.40	0.29	83.9
		vvhA	0.09–3.38	1.57	100
		vcgC	ND–1.97	0.39	90.3
		TV	1.54–3.50	2.90	100
Maryland	Oyster	tlh	ND–5.03	1.97	92.4
		tdh	ND–0.66	0.15	48.1
		trh	ND–0.66	0.07	22.8
		vvhA	0.13–5.26	3.19	100
		vcgC	ND–3.59	1.06	92.4
		TV	2.78–5.18	4.33	100

	Water	tlh	ND–1.8	0.29	88.6
		tdh	ND–0.02	<0.01	13.9
		trh	ND–0.3	<0.01	3.8
		vvhA	ND–3.63	1.14	98.7
		vcgC	ND–0.94	0.09	79.7
		TV	ND–3.43	1.71	100

tlh, thermolabile hemolysin gene of V. parahaemolyticus (indicator of total V. parahaemolyticus); tdh, thermostable direct hemolysin gene of pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus; trh, tdh-related hemolysin gene of pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus; vvhA, cytolytic hemolysin gene of V. vulnificus (indicator of total V. vulnificus); vcgC, virulence-correlated gene of V. vulnificus (indicator of pathogenic V. vulnificus); TV, total Vibrionaceae as determined by the COPP assay.

ND, nondetectable.