Table 2.
Comparison between the groups at 2 weeks after surgery.
| 2 weeks after surgery | Light group | Severe group | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| MMSE | 23.3 ± 6.2 | 22.1 ± 6.1 | 0.46 |
| TMT-A | 166.1 ± 138.5 | 125.5 ± 66.1 | 0.25 |
| Rest pain | 0.29 ± 0.5 | 0.72 ± 1.2 | 0.04 |
| Move pain | 1.25 ± 1.1 | 2.14 ± 1.0 | 0.001 |
| Total PCS | 20.5 ± 11.5 | 26.4 ± 11.0 | 0.04 |
| GDS | 7.1 ± 4.0 | 7.8 ± 3.8 | 0.53 |
| FES | 24.0 ± 6.5 | 22.2 ± 7.8 | 0.34 |
| Handgrip strength | 14.9 ± 6.5 | 13.7 ± 4.5 | 0.42 |
| FIM | 77.8 ± 19.4 | 74.6 ± 15.9 | 0.50 |
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). FES, Fall Efficacy Scale; FIM, functional independence measure; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; PCS, Pain Catastrophizing Scale; TMT-A, trail making test part A; VRS, Verbal Rating Scale. Significant group difference (p < 0.05).