Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the included participants according to the level of LTPA.
| Variables | Inactive (n = 20, 832) | Insufficiently active (n = 4, 422) | Sufficiently active (n = 5, 328) | Highly active (n = 1, 773) | Very highly active (n = 587) | P-value |
| Data are presented as means ± SD or n (%). *Presented as median (interquartile range). BMI: body mass index; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LTPA: leisure-time physical activity; RHR: resting heart rate; SBP: systolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus. | ||||||
| Age, yrs | 69.85 ± 7.85 | 69.59 ± 7.04 | 68.74 ± 6.52 | 67.66 ± 6.00 | 67.93 ± 5.94 | < 0.001 |
| Male | 9, 801 (47.05%) | 1, 976 (44.69%) | 2, 410 (45.23%) | 929 (52.40%) | 329 (56.05%) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking | ||||||
| Never | 15, 740 (75.56%) | 3, 373 (76.28%) | 4, 176 (78.38%) | 1, 365 (76.99%) | 448 (76.32%) | < 0.001 |
| Former | 1, 527 (7.33%) | 328 (7.42%) | 340 (6.38%) | 132 (7.45%) | 50 (8.52%) | |
| Light-to-moderate | 1, 482 (7.11%) | 302 (6.83%) | 356 (6.68%) | 144 (8.12%) | 42 (7.16%) | |
| Heavy | 2, 083 (10.00%) | 419 (9.48%) | 456 (8.56%) | 132 (7.45%) | 47 (8.01%) | |
| Alcohol consumption | ||||||
| Lifetime abstainer | 17, 142 (82.29%) | 3, 600 (81.41%) | 4, 402 (82.62%) | 1, 400 (78.96%) | 447 (76.15%) | < 0.001 |
| Former drinker | 426 (2.04%) | 134 (3.03%) | 139 (2.61%) | 75 (4.23%) | 37 (6.30%) | |
| Light-to-moderate | 2, 789 (13.39%) | 593 (13.41%) | 681 (12.78%) | 266 (15.00%) | 92 (15.67%) | |
| Heavy | 475 (2.28%) | 95 (2.15%) | 106 (1.99%) | 32 (1.80%) | 11 (1.87%) | |
| T2DM, % | 2, 763 (13.26%) | 574 (12.98%) | 636 (11.94%) | 185 (10.43%) | 68 (11.58%) | 0.002 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.00 ± 3.27 | 23.98 ± 3.09 | 23.87 ± 3.20 | 23.79 ± 3.10 | 23.61 ± 3.25 | 0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 133.61 ± 20.94 | 132.93 ± 19.72 | 132.22 ± 19.80 | 132.45 ± 20.29 | 132.29 ± 18.51 | < 0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 79.83 ± 10.10 | 79.72 ± 10.08 | 79.25 ± 10.18 | 79.11 ± 10.56 | 79.05 ± 9.43 | < 0.001 |
| RHR, beats per minute | 74.61 ± 7.20 | 74.03 ± 7.80 | 73.62 ± 7.51 | 73.04 ± 7.40 | 73.44 ± 7.45 | < 0.001 |
| FPG, mmol/L | 5.14 (4.64-5.70)* | 5.12 (4.37-5.80)* | 5.00 (4.30-5.74)* | 5.10 (4.32-5.87)* | 4.90 (4.46-5.75)* | < 0.001 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.86 (4.32-5.30)* | 4.82 (4.31-5.30)* | 4.65 (4.25-5.27)* | 4.69 (4.23-5.20)* | 4.65 (4.33-5.02)* | < 0.001 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.45 (1.13-1.71)* | 1.38 (1.04-1.71)* | 1.29 (1.03-1.55)* | 1.28 (1.02-1.54)* | 1.28 (1.05-1.54)* | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.39 (1.19-1.60)* | 1.41 (1.20-1.62)* | 1.41 (1.19-1.63)* | 1.42 (1.19-1.65)* | 1.42 (1.20-1.65)* | < 0.001 |