Table 2.
Association between LTPA level and risk of CVD morbidity.
| Variables | Inactive | Insufficiently active | Sufficiently active | Highly active | Very highly active |
| Model 1: adjusted for sex and age. Model 2: adjusted for variables in Model 1 plus current smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, medical history of T2DM, SBP, DBP, RHR, FPG, TC, TG and HDL-C. Model 3: competing-risks survival regression adjusted covariates were the same as Model 2. *Presented as HR (95% CI). BMI: body mass index; CHD: coronary heart disease; CI: confidence interval; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HR: hazards ratio; LTPA: leisure-time physical activity; RHR: resting heart rate; SBP: systolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus. | |||||
| CVD | |||||
| Events | 4, 569 | 902 | 1, 002 | 281 | 103 |
| Person-years | 111, 206 | 25, 202 | 31, 089 | 10, 323 | 3, 426 |
| Incidence, events per 1, 000 person-years | 41.09 | 35.79 | 32.23 | 27.22 | 30.07 |
| Model 1 | Reference | 0.84 (0.78-0.90)* | 0.77 (0.72-0.82)* | 0.66 (0.59-0.75)* | 0.72 (0.59-0.88)* |
| Model 2 | Reference | 0.88 (0.82-0.94)* | 0.84 (0.78-0.90)* | 0.78 (0.69-0.88)* | 0.87 (0.71-1.06)* |
| Model 3 | Reference | 0.89 (0.83-0.96)* | 0.86 (0.80-0.92)* | 0.79 (0.70-0.89)* | 0.87 (0.71-1.06)* |
| CHD | |||||
| Events | 3, 253 | 649 | 742 | 224 | 69 |
| Person-years | 112, 700 | 25, 578 | 31, 491 | 10, 441 | 3, 469 |
| Incidence, events per 1, 000 person-years | 28.86 | 25.37 | 23.56 | 21.45 | 19.89 |
| Model 1 | Reference | 0.85 (0.78-0.92)* | 0.79 (0.73-0.86)* | 0.75 (0.65-0.85)* | 0.68 (0.54-0.87)* |
| Model 2 | Reference | 0.88 (0.81-0.96)* | 0.86 (0.80-0.94)* | 0.85 (0.74-0.94)* | 0.83 (0.65-1.05)* |
| Model 3 | Reference | 0.90 (0.83-0.98)* | 0.89 (0.82-0.96)* | 0.87 (0.76-0.96)* | 0.84 (0.66-1.06)* |
| Stroke | |||||
| Events | 1, 502 | 289 | 324 | 82 | 43 |
| Person-years | 117, 468 | 26, 565 | 32, 600 | 10, 784 | 3, 571 |
| Incidence, events per 1, 000 person-years | 12.79 | 10.88 | 9.94 | 7.60 | 12.04 |
| Model 1 | Reference | 0.83 (0.73-0.94)* | 0.77 (0.69-0.87)* | 0.60 (0.48-0.75)* | 0.94 (0.69-1.27)* |
| Model 2 | Reference | 0.86 (0.76-0.97)* | 0.84 (0.74-0.95)* | 0.69 (0.55-0.89)* | 1.08 (0.80-1.46)* |
| Model 3 | Reference | 0.88 (0.78-0.99)* | 0.87 (0.77-0.98)* | 0.70 (0.56-0.88)* | 1.08 (0.79-1.48)* |