Naive CD4+CD25− T cells were collected or polarized in vitro for 3 days, split 1:2, and cultured with IL-2 alone for an additional 2 days to generate Th1, Th17, or Treg. T cell subset lysates from 3 biological replicate samples were extracted and subjected to qPCR to assess gene expression. The gene expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) and Indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) are shown. Samples are normalized to naive T cells. Data are shown as mean ± SD and is representative of 3 independent experiments. n.d. = not detected. * = p < 0.05.