Table 3.
Hepatocellular carcinoma tumor growth patterns
| Study | Rapid growth n (%) | Intermediate growth n (%) | Indolent growth n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ebara 198629 | 9 (40.9) | 5 (22.7) | 8 (36.4) |
| Sheu 198519 | 10 (32.3) | 17 (54.8) | 4 (12.9) |
| Okazaki 198925 | 10 (66.7) | 4 (26.7) | 1 (6.7) |
| Yoshino 198317 | 7 (43.8) | 7 (43.8) | 2 (12.5) |
| Barbara 199226 | 8 (20.5) | 20 (51.3) | 11 (28.2) |
| Matsuhashi 199632 | 14 (66.7) | 7 (33.3) | 0 |
| Matsuhashi 199632 | 2 (14.3) | 12 (85.7) | 0 |
| Trere 199547 | 2 (10.0) | 7 (35.0) | 11 (55.0) |
| Saitoh 199530 | 1 (4.8) | 4 (19.0) | 16 (76.2) |
| Sadek 199548 | 4 (66.7) | 2 (33.3) | 0 |
| Saito 199833 | 1 (4.8) | 14 (66.7) | 6 (2.9) |
| Kubota 200349 | 12 (54.5) | 9 (40.9) | 1 (4.5) |
| Nakajima 200231 | 21 (61.8) | 12 (35.3) | 1 (2.9) |
| Taouli 200520 | 4 (25.0) | 8 (50.0) | 4 (25.0) |
| Cucchetti 200522 | 34 (54.8) | 25 (42.4) | 3 (4.8) |
| Woo 201051 | 1 (20.0) | 4 (80.0) | 0 |
| Villa 201421* | 19 (24.4) | N/A | 59 (75.6) |
| Rowe 201423* | 39 (59.1) | N/A | 27 (40.9) |
| Kim 201714* | 110 (40.9) | N/A | 159 (59.1) |
| Rich 2019 primary cohort4 | 61 (25.2) | 75 (31.0) | 106 (43.8) |
| Rich 2019 validation cohort4* | 49 (27.8) | 96 (54.6) | 31 (17.6) |
| Total | 418 (35.0) | 328 (27.4) | 450 (37.6) |
*
Study-specific definition for tumor growth patterns were used. Indolent vs. rapid defined using cut-off of 53 days for Villa 2014 and cut-off of 2 months for Kim 2017. For Rowe 2014, rapid vs. indolent defined using specific growth rate at cut-off of 1%. For Rich 2019 validation cohort, rapid, intermediate and indolent were defined as <90 days, 90–365 days, and >365 days respectively.