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. 2020 May 25;59(11):1419–1431. doi: 10.1007/s40262-020-00896-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Metformin transporters. Main sites of action of the transporters that were implemented to model the absorption, distribution, and excretion of metformin. Several different studies report that they found no secretion of metformin to bile [2, 4, 7]. Drawings by Servier Medical Art, licensed under CC BY 3.0. MATE multidrug and toxin extrusion protein, OCT organic cation transporter, PMAT plasma membrane monoamine transporter