Table 2.

ACQ-7 responder rates, exacerbations and AEs.

Reference	Drug vs comparator	Asthma control (measured as mean difference in ACQ)	Patients reporting ≥1 exacerbation	Patients reporting AEs
LABA vs placebo
Paggiaro et al.23	Beclomethasone/formoterol fumarate 400/12 µg BID vs beclomethasone 400 µg BID	↔	✓	↔
Ducharme et al.16	Formoterol or salmeterol vs placebo	NR	✓	NR
Kerstjens et al.21	Salmeterol 50 µg BID vs placebo	✓✓	✓	↔
Bateman et al.22	Salmeterol 50 µg BID vs placebo	NR	✓	↔
LTRA vs placebo
Djukanovic et al.24	Montelukast 10 mg QD vs placebo	NR	↔	NR
ALAACRC32	Montelukast 10 mg QD vs placebo	↔	NR	NR
Vaquerizo et al.25	Montelukast 10 mg QD vs placebo	NR	✓	↔
Virchow et al.26	Zafirlukast 80 mg BID vs placebo	NR	✓✓	↔
LAMA vs placebo
Paggiaro et al.28	Tiotropium 5 µg QD vs placebo	↔	NR	↔
Paggiaro et al.28	Tiotropium 2.5 µg QD vs placebo	↔	NR	↔
Ohta et al.29	Tiotropium 5 µg QD vs placebo	✓	NR	↔
Ohta et al.29	Tiotropium 2.5 µg QD vs placebo	✓	NR	↔
Timmer et al.31	Tiotropium 5 µg QD vs placebo	✓✓	NR	↔
Timmer et al.31	Tiotropium 2.5 µg BID vs placebo	✓✓	NR	↔
Beeh et al.30	Tiotropium 5 µg QD vs placebo	✓✓	NR	↔
Beeh et al.30	Tiotropium 2.5 µg QD vs placebo	✓✓	NR	↔
Beeh et al.30	Tiotropium 1.25 µg QD vs placebo	✓✓	NR	↔
Kerstjens et al.27	Tiotropium 5 µg QD vs placeboa	✓	✓✓c	↔
Kerstjens et al.27	Tiotropium 5 µg QD vs placebob	✓✓	✓✓c	↔
Kerstjens et al.21	Tiotropium 5 µg QD vs placebo	✓✓	✓	↔
Kerstjens et al.21	Tiotropium 2.5 µg QD vs placebo	✓✓	✓✓	↔
Bateman et al.22	Tiotropium 5 µg QD vs placebo	NR	✓	↔
LABA vs LTRA
Chauhan and Ducharme15	Salmeterol/formoterol vs montelukast/zafirlukast	NR	✓✓	↔
LAMA vs LABA
Kerstjens et al.21	Tiotropium 5 µg QD vs salmeterol 50 µg BID	↔	↔	↔
Kerstjens et al.21	Tiotropium 2.5 µg QD vs salmeterol 50 µg BID	↔	↔	↔
Wechsler et al.34	Tiotropium 18 µg QD vs salmeterol 50 µg or formoterol 9 µg BID	↔	↔	↔
Bateman et al.22	Tiotropium 5 µg QD vs salmeterol 50 µg BID	NR	↔	↔
Peters et al.33	Tiotropium 18 µg QD vs salmeterol 50 µg BID	↔	↔	↔

✓✓ Drug provides statistically significant improvement in outcome compared with comparator.

✓ Drug provides numerical improvement in outcome compared with comparator.

↔ Drug provides comparable outcome to comparator.

ACQ Asthma Control Questionnaire, AE adverse event, ALAACRC American Lung Association Asthma Clinical Research Centres, BID twice daily, LABA long-acting β₂-agonists, LAMA long-acting muscarinic agonist, LTRA leukotriene receptor antagonist, NR not reported, QD once daily.

^aTrial one.

^bTrial two.

^cObservation refers to increased time to exacerbations rather than amount.