Table 5.

Classification of robust 311 indicators by social versus physical disorder.

Dimension	311 request type	Definition
Social disorder	Abandoned vehicles	Abandoned vehicle which has been parked on a street for more than 24 h
	Animal complains	Dangerous, dead, sick, or unsanitary animals in the public
	Code violation	Unintended object on private property (e.g. high grass or vehicle) and dangerous/ disrepair structure
	Law enforcement	Anti-social/ illegal behavior (e.g. narcotics, speeding, noise, crime etc.)
	Public health	Pest management, food security and unsanitary conditions due to animals
Physical disorder	Refuse trash litter	Trash container needs repaired, replaced and serviced
	Street lighting	Streetlight needs repaired
	Street maintenance	Pothole, street, and alley need repaired
	Traffic signs	Repair, replace or removal of an existing traffic sign or installation of a new one
	Water sewers drains	Issue with the water and sewer