Table 2.

Comparative analysis of symptoms and comorbidities in hospitalized COVID-19 and 2009 influenza patients.

	COVID-19 pandemic			2009 influenza pandemic
Characteristics	Estimates(95% CI)	Study No.	Patient No.	Estimates (95% CI)	Study No.	Patient No.	p-value
Symptoms
Cough	57.99% (53.32–62.59)	56	14,717	85.31% (82.84–87.63)	82	20,710	< 0.0001
Fever	72.08% (63.27–80.13)	57	16,006	89.99% (87.64–92.13)	78	20,571	< 0.0001
Diarrhea	10.16% (7.23–13.51)	41	14,434	11.27% (9.63–13.01)	63	17,433	0.3897
Fatigue	30.20% (24.75–35.93)	34	6,875	48.20% (29.64–67.03)	16	4391	0.0965
Shortness of breath	32.89% (27.09–38.95)	54	14,211	49.19% (40.40–58.01)	25	5521	0.0249
Sore throat	9.48% (7.47–11.69)	34	8502	37.28% (32.00–42.70)	61	17,268	< 0.0001
Rhinorrhea	8.48% (6.02–11.28)	27	8040	38.57% (33.11–44.17)	55	15,997	< 0.0001
Myalgia/muscle pain	18.97% (14.23–24.20)	36	12,865	30.12% (24.68–35.84)	68	16,940	0.0242
Vomiting/nausea	8.67% (5.40–12.59)	27	13,174	24.27% (20.51–28.25)	52	12,846	< 0.0001
Comorbidity
Cardiovascular disease/ Hypertension	28.76% (22.91–34.99)	83	33,019	13.11% (10.84–15.55)	41	10,144	< 0.0001
Obesity	28.48% (19.04–38.94)	18	12,819	17.89% (13.40–22.86)	46	13,409	0.1081
Diabetes	16.38% (13.65–19.30)	89	33,407	11.12% (9.39–12.97%)	58	17,031	0.0120
Asthma	8.42% (6.69–10.32)	19	7732	16.09% (13.15–19.26)	53	16,034	0.0033
COPD	4.93% (3.78–6.21)	44	14,107	9.52% (7.09–12.24)	37	11,493	0.0003
Immunocompromised	4.39% (2.50–6.71)	29	9111	9.99% (8.30–11.82)	48	17,521	< 0.0001
Cancer/malignancy	4.75% (3.59–6.06)	40	23,815	5.76% (4.09–7.67)	25	6557	0.2906
Heart disease	12.89% (9.71–16.43)	43	13,876	8.66% (6.30–11.34)	28	7396	0.2249
Renal disease	8.10% (5.93–10.56)	56	26,016	4.90% (3.86–6.05)	35	9793	0.1676

COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.