Table 1.

Arterial thromboembolic event rate for various chemotherapeutic agents

Medication class	Medication name	Incidencea	Event type
Coronary artery events
Platinum-based agents [14, 27]	Cisplatin	1.6–8.7%	Myocardial infarction
Platinum-based agents [28]	Cisplatin	3.1-fold increase	Myocardial infarction
Immunomodulatory drugs [29]	Lenalidomide + dexamethasone	1.98%	Myocardial infarction
VEGF inhibitor [16, 18, 22, 30]	Bevacizumab	0.6–2%	Myocardial infarction/acute Coronary syndrome/cardiac ischemia
VEGF TKI [31]	Sunitinib	11%	Heart failure or myocardial infarction
VEGF TKI [22]	Pazopanib	2%	Myocardial infarction
VEGF TKI [32, 33]	Sorafenib	3–4.9%	Cardiac ischemia or infarction
Bcr-Abl TKI [22]	Nilotinib	7.50%	Acute coronary syndrome
Bcr-Abl TKI [26, 34]	Ponatinib	1–12%	Myocardial infarction
Fluoropyrimidine [35, 36]	Capecitabine	0.5–9%	Angina pectoris, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome
Fluoropyrimidine [37]	Capecitabine	1.90%	Cardiotoxicity
Fluoropyrimidine [35, 38, 39]	5-FU	0.7–8%	Myocardial infarction, angina/cardiac chest pain
Fluoropyrimidine [37, 40–42]	5-FU	1.2–18%	Cardiotoxicity
Fluoropyrimidine [43]	Capecitabine +5-FU	0–2%	Myocardial infarction/cardiogenic shock/cardiac arrest
Taxol [44, 45]	Paclitaxel	0.26–5%	Myocardial infarction/myocardial ischemia
Taxol [46]	Paclitaxel	5%	Arrhythmia, conduction blocks, cardiac ischemia
Aromatase inhibitors [47]	-	4.20%	Cardiovascular event
Cerebrovascular accident
Platinum-based agents [27]	Cisplatin	8.70%	Cerebrovascular accident
Platinum-based agents [14]	Cisplatin + gemcitabine	0.80%	Cerebral ischemic stroke
Thalidomide analogue [29]	Lenalidomide + dexamethasone	3.40%	Cerebrovascular accident
VEGF inhibitor [16,18, 22]	Bevacizumab	1.1–1.9%	Ischemic stroke/cerebrovascular accident, transient ischemic attack
VEGFR inhibitors [33]	Sorafenib	1.50%	Central nervous system ischemia
VEGFR inhibitors [48]	Pazopanib	1%	stroke/transient ischemic attack
Bcr-Abl TKI [26]	Ponatinib	6%	Cerebrovascular occlusion
Peripheral artery disease
Platinum-based agents [14]	Cisplatin + gemcitabine	5.6%	Iliac artery embolism
Bcr-Abl TKI [22, 49–51]	Nilotinib	1.1–25%	Peripheral artery (occlusive) disease, visceral arteries and limb ischemia
Bcr-Abl TKI [22, 26]	Ponatinib	8–48%	Peripheral arterial occlusive events, visceral arteries and limb ischemia
All arterial thromboembolic events
Platinum-based agents [13–15]	Cisplatin	1.4–8.3%	Arterial thromboembolic event
Immunomodulatory drugs [52, 53]	Thalidomide	4.5–12.5%	Arterial thromboembolic event
VEGF inhibitor [16–19]	Bevacizumab	1.7–3.8%	Arterial thromboembolic event
VEGF inhibitor [20]	Bevacizumab + chemotherapy	5.5 events per 100 person-years	Arterial thromboembolic event
VEGF TKI [21]	Sorafenib	1.7%	Arterial thromboembolic event
VEGF TKI [22]	Sorafenib (RR is compared to bevacizumab)	RR 2.3	Arterial thromboembolic event
VEGF TKI [21, 23]	Sunitinib	1.3–4.1%	Arterial thromboembolic event
VEGF TKI [22]	Sunitinib (RR is compared to bevacizumab)	RR 5.9	Arterial thromboembolic event
VEGF TKI [24, 25]	Pazopanib	3–4%	Arterial thromboembolic event
VEGF TKI [22]	Pazopanib (RR is compared to bevacizumab)	RR 4.6	Arterial thromboembolic event
Bcr-Abl TKI [26]	Ponatinib	20%	Arterial thromboembolic event
Selective estrogen-receptor modulator [54]	Tamoxifen + chemotherapy	1.60%	Arterial thromboembolic event

VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, TKI tyrosine kinase inhibitor, FU fluorouracil, RR relative risk, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval

^aUnless otherwise noted