Table 4.
Correlation between habitual coffee consumption and (a) urinary phenolic acid metabolites after acute coffee intake or (b) fasting blood parameters.
| (a) | sum of all metabolites | DHCA-3′-sulfate | FA-gly | DHFA-4′-sulfate | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cups of coffee per week | |||||||||
| rs | *− 0.338 | **− 0.468 | ns | *− 0.354 | |||||
| p | 0.038 | 0.003 | ns | 0.029 | |||||
| “Coffee level” | |||||||||
| rs | *− 0.332 | **− 0.464 | ns | *− 0.390 | |||||
| p | 0.042 | 0.003 | ns | 0.016 | |||||
| Portions of fruit per week | |||||||||
| rs | *− 0.370 | ns | rp = *− 0.385 | ns | |||||
| p | 0.022 | ns | 0.017 | ns | |||||
| (b) | Cys | HCys | CysGly | Cys:CysGly | GSH | GSH:CysGly | Uric acid | Glucose | Insulin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| “Coffee level” | |||||||||
| rs | *0.326 | *0.300 | *0.312 | ns | *0.307 | ns | ns | ns | ns |
| p | 0.018 | 0.030 | 0.025 | ns | 0.027 | ns | ns | ns | ns |
rs: Spearman’s coefficient, unless labeled by rp: Pearson’s coefficient; significance levels, p ≤ 0.05*, p ≤ 0.01** (n = 36). gly = glycine. ns = no significant relationship. VA-gly, FA-4′-sulfate and DHFA showed no correlation with habitual consumption categories, and so are not shown. No significant correlations were found between plasma biomarkers and cups of coffee or tea per week, nor fruit and vegetable consumption.