Table 2.
Univariate survival analysis
| Factor | n (%) | Median OS (95% CI) | Hazard ratio | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||||
| ≥65 | 162 (45) | 25 (18–34) | 1.180 | |
| <65 | 199 (55) | 27 (21–36) | 1 | 0.197 |
| Metastasis at initial diagnosis of RCC | ||||
| Yes | 205 (57) | 14 (12–20) | 2.234 | |
| No | 156 (43) | 46 (37–65) | 1 | <0.001 |
| No. metastatic sites | ||||
| ≥2 | 147 (41) | 14 (11–22) | 1.451 | |
| 1 | 214 (59) | 33 (25–40) | 1 | 0.004 |
| Metastatic sites | ||||
| Lung | ||||
| Yes | 251 (70) | 25 (18–31) | 1.187 | |
| No | 110 (30) | 33 (19–45) | 1 | 0.218 |
| Lung only | 129 (36) | 32 (22–42) | 0.811 | |
| Others | 232 (64) | 22 (16–30) | 1 | 0.123 |
| Lymph nodes | ||||
| Yes | 73 (20) | 14 (11–35) | 1.403 | |
| No | 288 (80) | 27 (22–36) | 1 | 0.023 |
| Lymph nodes only | 14 (4) | 38 (12–59) | 0.956 | |
| Others | 347 (96) | 25 (20–32) | 1 | 0.885 |
| Bone | ||||
| Yes | 104 (29) | 18 (12–22) | 1.708 | |
| No | 257 (71) | 33 (24–42) | 1 | <0.001 |
| Bone only | 35 (10) | 21 (14–27) | 1.540 | |
| Others | 326 (90) | 27 (20–36) | 1 | 0.024 |
| Liver | ||||
| Yes | 43 (12) | 12 (9–13) | 1.875 | |
| No | 318 (88) | 31 (22–37) | 1 | <0.001 |
| Liver only | 11 (3) | 12 (8–24) | 1.653 | |
| Others | 350 (97) | 27 (21–35) | 1 | 0.136 |
| Prognostic metastatic group | ||||
| Liver only or bone only or >2 sites | 193 (53) | 16 (12–22) | 1.800 | |
| Others | 168 (47) | 41 (32–53) | 1 | <0.001 |
| Previous nephrectomy | ||||
| No | 68 (19) | 8 (6–9.) | 4.872 | |
| Yes | 293 (81) | 37 (29–44) | 1 | <0.001 |
| Time from initial diagnosis to treatment | ||||
| <12 months | 251 (70) | 15 (12–20) | 3.095 | |
| ≥12 months | 110 (30) | 65 (49–162) | 1 | <0.001 |
| ECOG‐PS | ||||
| ≥1 | 144 (40) | 12 (10–16) | 2.322 | |
| 0 | 207 (57) | 41 (32–51) | 1 | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 10 (3) | 99 (7–69) | ||
| Hemoglobin (mg/dL) | ||||
| <13.0/11.5 | 184 (51) | 15 (11–19) | 2.036 | |
| ≥13.0/11.5 | 140 (39) | 44 (32–53) | 1 | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 37 (10) | 36 (18–44) | ||
| Lactate dehydrogenase | ||||
| >1.5× ULN | 23 (6) | 9 (6–10) | 2.226 | |
| ≤1.5× ULN | 299 (83) | 28 (22–36) | 1 | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 39 (11) | 29 (12–44) | ||
| Corrected Ca (mg/dL) | ||||
| >10 | 24 (7) | 11 (5–13) | 2.278 | |
| ≤10 mg/dL | 301 (83) | 27 (21–35) | 1 | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 36 (10) | 36 (18–60) | ||
| C‐Reactive protein (mg/dL) | ||||
| >0.3 | 174 (48) | 14 (11–18) | 3.031 | |
| ≤0.3 mg/dL | 78 (22) | 53 (48–118) | 1 | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 109 (30) | 29 (20–40) | ||
CCRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma; CI, confidence interval; ECOG‐PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status; OS, overall survival; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; ULN, upper limit of normal.