Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards regression model of overall survival in 103 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P | HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | |
| Age, ≥70 | 0.2692 | 0.906 | 0.962–1.011 | – | – | – |
| Gender, male | 0.7711 | 1.026 | 0.678–1.689 | – | – | – |
| Differentiation, poor | 0.9228 | 1.043 | 0.451–2.410 | – | – | – |
| Tumor size, > 40 mm | 0.0070 | 2.203 | 1.241–3.906 | 0.3294 | 1.340 | 0.743–2.421 |
| Local progression | ||||||
| CH, positive | 0.1651 | 1.458 | 0.856–2.481 | – | – | – |
| DU, positive | 0.0465 | 1.595 | 1.007–2.525 | 0.0782 | 1.575 | 0.950–2.604 |
| S, positive | 0.3320 | 1.297 | 0.767–2.188 | – | – | – |
| RP, positive | 0.0715 | 1.848 | 0.948–3.610 | – | – | – |
| PV, positive | 0.0203 | 1.818 | 1.098–3.012 | 0.6830 | 1.119 | 0.653–1.916 |
| A, positive | 0.6183 | 1.259 | 0.507–3.135 | – | – | – |
| PL, positive | 0.0666 | 1.543 | 0.971–2.451 | – | – | – |
| OO, positive | 0.4899 | 1.342 | 0.581–3.101 | – | – | – |
| Lymphatic permeation, positive | 0.0034 | 3.937 | 1.575–9.804 | 0.1190 | 2.375 | 0.801–7.042 |
| Vascular permeation, positive | < 0.0001 | 3.155 | 1.859–5.348 | 0.0025 | 2.421 | 1.364–4.310 |
| Perineural invasion, positive | 0.1345 | 1.527 | 0.877–2.660 | – | – | – |
| Lymph node metastasis, positive | 0.0043 | 2.151 | 1.272–3.636 | 0.8436 | 1.067 | 0.561–2.033 |
| MUC16/mesothelin expression, high | 0.0008 | 2.206 | 1.392–3.495 | 0.0158 | 1.936 | 1.132–3.310 |
A, arterial system invasion; CH, intrapancreatic common bile duct invasion; CI, confidence interval; DU, duodenal invasion; HR, hazard ratio; OO, invasion of other organs; PL, extrapancreatic nerve plexus invasion; PV, portal venous system invasion; RP, retropancreatic tissue invasion; S, serosal invasion.