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Dose-dependent cytotoxic effect of CA on A549 lung cancer cells as measured by LDH leakage. The test samples showed increased cytotoxicity with an increase in doses when control compared to control samples. Significant dose-dependent cytotoxicity was observed in A549 cells treated with CA (20–100 µM). Values presented as mean ± SE from independent duplicate experiments; n = 4. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001.
