Table 4.
Alteration of inflammatory markers factors during acute and chronic stress.
| Parameter | Acute | Chronic |
|---|---|---|
| IL-1β | ↑ [159,160] |
? |
| IL-2 | ↑ [159,160] |
? |
| IL-6 | ↑ [159,160] |
↑ [95,174,175,176,177,178,179,180,185] |
| IL-10 | ↑ [159,160] |
? |
| TNF-α | ↑ [159,160] |
↑ [95,174,175,184,185] |
| CRP | ↑ [160] |
↑ [178,179,180,186,187] |
| = [159] |
= [95,181,182] |
|
| IL-8 | = [159,160] |
? |
| IL-12 | = [159,160] |
? |
| IL-4 | = [159,160] |
? |
| IL-1ra | = [159,160] |
? |
| IFNγ | = [159,160] |
? |
IL, interleukin; TNF-α, tumor-necrosis factor-α; CRP, C-reactive protein; IFN-γ, interferon-γ. ↑, increased; =, unvaried; ?, unknown.