Table 1.
Sociodemographic details of the sample and comparison across the three treatment groups
| Variables | Lithium (n=30), n (%) | Carbamazepine (n=20), n (%) | Sodium valproate (n=17), n (%) | df | χ2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 16 (53) | 14 (70) | 13 (76) | 2 | 2.94 | 0.22 |
| Female | 14 (47) | 6 (30) | 4 (24) | |||
| Religion | ||||||
| Hindu | 24 (80) | 16 (80) | 14 (82) | 2 | 0.04 | 0.97 |
| Muslim | 6 (20) | 4 (20) | 3 (18) | |||
| Education | ||||||
| Illiterate | 1 (03) | 3 (15) | 2 (12) | 6 | 8.41 | 0.20 |
| Primary | 12 (40) | 5 (25) | 2 (12) | |||
| High school | 17 (57) | 11 (55) | 13 (76) | |||
| Senior secondary | 00 | 1 (05) | 0 | |||
| Number of past manic episodes | ||||||
| Nil | 26 (87) | 16 (80) | 11 (66) | 6 | 8.96 | 0.17 |
| One | 3 (10) | 3 (15) | 3 (17) | |||
| Two | 1 (03) | 0 | 3 (17) | |||
| Three | 0 | 1 (05) | 0 | |||
| Number of past depressive episodes | ||||||
| Nil | 22 (73) | 16 (80) | 15 (88) | 2 | 1.47 | 0.47 |
| One | 8 (27) | 4 (20) | 2 (12) | |||
| Family history | ||||||
| Nil | 14 (47) | 13 (65) | 10 (59) | 4 | 5.96 | 0.20 |
| Affective illness | 15 (50) | 4 (20) | 6 (35) | |||
| Nonaffective illness | 1 (03) | 3 (15) | 1 (06) | |||
| Type of onset of index episodes | ||||||
| Abrupt | 9 (30) | 8 (40) | 12 (70) | 4 | 8.84 | 0.06 |
| Acute | 17 (57) | 11 (55) | 5 (30) | |||
| Insidious | 4 (13) | 1 (05) | 0 | |||
| Total number of episodes (including index episodes) | ||||||
| One | 20 (67) | 14 (70) | 10 (59) | 6 | 7.65 | 0.26 |
| Two | 7 (23) | 5 (25) | 3 (18) | |||
| Three | 3 (10) | 0 | 4 (23) | |||
| Four | 0 | 1 (05) | 0 | |||
| Antipsychotic drug | ||||||
| CPZ | 21 (70) | 15 (75) | 16 (94) | 2 | 3.74 | 0.15 |
| Haloperidol | 9 (30) | 5 (25) | 1 (06) |
df – Degree of freedom; χ2 – Chi-square value; P<0.05; CPZ – Chlorpromazine