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. 2020 Aug 14;28(2):248–254. doi: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_46_20

Table 5.

Group comparison and gender differences in WHOQOL-BREF using the Mann-Whitney U-test

Groups Variable Single child Siblings Z P

Mean±SD Mean rank Mean±SD Mean rank
Overall Overall 3.96±0.79 453.55 3.85±0.78 429.89 −0.88 0.38
Physical 54.34±10.22 398.27 55.53±11.45 435.30 −1.27 0.21
Psychological 61.79±12.82 464.08 60.05±13.44 428.86 −1.20 0.23
Social 67.66±20.65 431.81 68.14±20.79 432.02 −0.01 0.99
Environmental 66.25±14.03 478.77 63.63±14.95 427.42 −1.74 0.08
Males Overall 3.73±0.83 125.65 3.75±0.80 131.04 −0.38 0.70
Physical 52.46±9.02 108.06 55.98±12.07 132.99 −1.63 0.10
Psychological 61.42±13.67 142.58 59.73±13.27 129.16 −0.88 0.38
Social 59.35±20.19 119.23 63.85±20.75 131.75 −0.81 0.42
Environmental 65.38±10.26 143.54 62.42±14.48 129.05 −0.94 0.35
Females Overall 4.08±0.74 332.34 3.90±0.77 299.20 −1.45 0.15
Physical 55.29±10.74 293.57 55.34±11.18 302.78 −0.37 0.71
Psychological 61.98±12.50 321.95 60.18±13.52 300.16 −0.87 0.39
Social 71.90±19.75 319.07 69.9620.56 300.42 −0.74 0.46
Environmental 66.6915.68 337.26 64.14±15.13 298.74 −1.52 0.13

SD – Standard deviation