Table 4.
Factor analysis of national resilience (scale 1–6).
| Measure 1 | Measure 2 | Factor Loaded | Difference between T1 and T2 | F (1,905) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effect Size | |||||
| Factors and items and factor explained variance | M | M | |||
| Factor 1: Trust in the state and its leader, 25.11% | 3.50 | 3.06 | 0.44 | 634.50 *** | |
| 1. I believe that my government will make the right decision during a time of crisis, including the current coronavirus crisis. | 3.96 | 2.97 | 0.796 | 0.99 | ηp2 = 0.41 |
| 2. During a national crisis, such as the current coronavirus crisis, society in my country will back up the government decisions and those of the prime minister. | 3.77 | 2.80 | 0.710 | 0.97 | |
| 12. I have complete confidence in the ability of my government to take care of all aspects relevant to overcoming the current coronavirus crisis. | 3.78 | 2.90 | 0.777 | 0.88 | |
| 11. I have full faith in the ability of my country’s health system to care for the population in the current coronavirus crisis. | 4.05 | 3.36 | 0.677 | 0.69 | |
| 3. I have full confidence in the ability of the security forces of my country to protect our population including the current coronavirus crisis. | 4.49 | 3.82 | 0.502 | 0.67 | |
| 14. Trust in the parliament (Knesset) | 2.85 | 2.54 | 0.557 | 0.31 | |
| Factor 2: Trust in the Israeli society, 17.41% | 3.45 | 3.29 | 0.16 | 99.77 *** | |
| 8. In my society, there is a high level of social solidarity (mutual assistance and concern for one another). | 4.19 | 3.80 | 0.713 | 0.39 | ηp2 = 0.10 |
| 7. Social relations between the different groups in my country are good. | 3.17 | 2.84 | 0.709 | 0.33 | |
| 10. In my society, there is a reasonable level of social justice. | 3.37 | 3.11 | 0.684 | 0.26 | |
| 9. The expression “man is a wolf to man” is not characteristic of my society. | 3.59 | 3.42 | 0.818 | 0.17 | |
| Factor 3: Patriotism, 15.65% | 4.79 | 4.33 | 0.46 | 251.76 *** | |
| 5. My society has coped well with past crises and will cope well with the current coronavirus crisis. | 4.71 | 3.99 | 0.699 | 0.72 | ηp2 = 0.22 |
| 6. I am optimistic about the future of my country. | 4.51 | 3.98 | 0.639 | 0.53 | |
| 4. My country is my home, and I do not intend to leave it. | 5.17 | 5.03 | 0.832 | 0.14 | |
| Factor 4: Trust in public institutions in Israel, 11.21% | 4.79 | 4.33 | 0.31 | 132.19 *** | |
| 13. Trust in the police | 3.45 | 2.85 | 0.769 | 0.60 | ηp2 = 0.13 |
| 15. Trust in the education system | 3.49 | 3.26 | 0.498 | 0.23 | |
| 16. Trust in the media | 2.86 | 2.76 | 0.836 | 0.10 |
*** p < 0.001.