Table 2.
Characteristics of the Histological Study Population
| YBAV (n=22) | OBAV (n=40) | TAV (n=76) | P Value for Interaction | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men (n=11) | Women (n=11) | P Value | Men (n=20) | Women (n=20) | P Value | Men (n=38) | Women (n=38) | P Value | ||
| Clinical data | ||||||||||
| Age, y | 56.5±3.6 | 57.5±2.5 | 0.58 | 69.1±6.2 | 69.5±5.5 | 0.80 | 72.7±7.6 | 72.2±8.8 | 0.65 | 0.75 * , † |
| Body mass index, kg/m² | 28.7±6.2 | 27.1±4.1 | 0.45 | 28.6±4.1 | 27.0±3.4 | 0.28 | 29.2±5.3 | 30.6±6.4 | 0.19 | 0.18 |
| Body surface area, m² | 1.98±0.2 | 1.70±0.13 | <0.001 | 1.93±0.19 | 1.70±0.16 | <0.001 | 1.97±0.21 | 1.81±0.21 | <0.001 | 0.26 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 118±13 | 128±18 | 0.14 | 130±14 | 130±11 | 0.37 | 128±17 | 135±17 | 0.61 | 0.72 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 76±9 | 76±12 | 0.92 | 79±9 | 77±7 | 0.40 | 71±9 | 74±11 | 0.75 | 0.33 |
| eGFR, mL/min | 83.7±13.1 | 82.2±17.3 | 0.87 | 79.3±14.4 | 79.1±15.1 | 0.83 | 80.6±20.5 | 76.8±17.1 | 0.27 | 0.75 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 5 (45) | 4 (36) | 0.66 | 2 (10) | 3 (15) | 0.63 | 24 (63) | 20 (53) | 0.35 | <0.001* , ‡ |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 4 (36) | 1 (9) | 0.13 | 6 (30) | 4 (16) | 0.46 | 14 (37) | 15 (39) | 0.81 | 0.29 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 7 (63) | 7 (63) | 1.00 | 17 (85) | 16 (80) | 0.67 | 32 (84) | 35 (92) | 0.15 | 0.09† |
| Echocardiographic data | ||||||||||
| Peak aortic jet velocity, m/s | 4.24±0.45 | 4.31±0.56 | 0.89 | 3.67±0.99 | 3.78±0.80 | 0.19 | 3.83±0.75 | 3.78±0.81 | 0.65 | 0.42 |
| Mean gradient, mm Hg | 45±10 | 45±9 | 0.84 | 45±13 | 45±15 | 0.86 | 40±14 | 39±12 | 0.28 | 0.73 |
| Aortic valve area index, cm²/m² | 0.41±0.05 | 0.39±0.09 | 0.43 | 0.38±0.09 | 0.38±0.08 | 0.99 | 0.41±0.07 | 0.40±0.09 | 0.97 | 0.81 |
| Stroke volume index, mL/m² | 41±7 | 41±8 | 0.98 | 41±13 | 39±9 | 0.44 | 39±6 | 40±8 | 0.17 | 0.21 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 63±6 | 62±9 | 0.57 | 61±4 | 63±5 | 0.36 | 60±8 | 61±7 | 0.51 | 0.59 |
eGFR indicates estimated glomerular filtration rate; OBAV, older patients with a bicuspid aortic valve; TAV, patients with a tricuspid aortic valve; and YBAV, younger patients with a bicuspid aortic valve.
*P<0.05 for YBAV vs OBAV; † P<0.05 for YBAV vs TAV; ‡ P<0.05 for OBAV vs TAV.