Table 2.
Risk of Cardiovascular Events by TMAO Quartiles
| TMAO Quartiles Definition | 1st Quartile (N=452) (Range 0.12–3.24 μmol/L) | 2nd Quartile (N=450) (Range 3.25–4.75 μmol/L) | 3rd Quartile (N=450) (Range 4.76–7.20 μmol/L) | 4th Quartile (N=451) (Range 7.22–157.37 μmol/L) | P for Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratios for primary end point (cardiovascular death, MI, and stroke) | |||||
| Number of cases (%) | 138 (30.5) | 141 (31.3) | 152 (33.8) | 166 (36.8) | |
| Matcheda | Ref | 1.03 (0.78–1.37, P=0.81) | 1.19 (0.89–1.59, P=0.24) | 1.43 (1.06–1.93, P=0.02) | 0.015 |
| Odds ratios for cardiovascular death | |||||
| Number of cases (%) | 23 (5.1) | 30 (6.7) | 38 (8.4) | 48 (10.6) | |
| Adjustment for matching variableb | Ref | 1.32 (0.75–2.34, P=0.34) | 1.68 (0.97–2.93, P=0.067) | 2.25 (1.28–3.96, P=0.005) | 0.003 |
| Odds ratios for recurrent MI | |||||
| Number of cases (%) | 108 (23.9) | 101 (22.4) | 101 (22.4) | 102 (22.6) | |
| Adjustment for matching variableb | Ref | 0.94 (0.68–1.30, P=0.70) | 1.09 (0.79–1.51, P=0.60) | 1.10 (0.79–1.55, P=0.57) | 0.42 |
| Odds ratios for stroke | |||||
| Number of cases (%) | 15 (3.3) | 19 (4.2) | 31 (6.9) | 41 (9.1) | |
| Adjustment for matching variableb | Ref | 1.25 (0.62–2.52, P=0.52) | 2.05 (1.07–3.93, P=0.031) | 2.68 (1.39–5.17, P=0.003) | <0.001 |
The trend P value was calculated by testing the coefficient of an ordinal TMAO variable from the logistic regression model. eGFR indicates estimated glomerular filtration rate; MI, myocardial infarction; and TMAO, trimethylamine N‐oxide.
a
Conditional (matched) logistic regression was used for the primary end point with matching variables (age, sex, eGFR).
b
Unconditional (unmatched) logistic regression was used for each individual component cardiovascular death, MI, and stroke events adjusting for matching variables (age, sex, eGFR).