(A) mRNA expression of ER-stress markers Edem1, Ero1b, Grp94, Herp, Atf4, Eif2ak3, Ddit3, and Hspa5 in liver tissue from healthy mice; and tumor tissue and surrounding non-tumoral tissue from mice with DEN-induced HCC. (B) Hspa5-mRNA and (C) protein expression of BIP in murine liver tissue. (D) Ratio of spliced to unspliced XBP1 in liver tissue from healthy mice; and tumor tissue and surrounding non-tumoral tissue from mice with DEN-induced HCC, treated with 4μ8C. (E) Representative western blot image of spliced and unspliced XBP1 protein and vinculin in healthy liver, DEN-induced HCC and DEN-induced HCC treated with 4μ8C. (F) quantification of spliced and unspliced XBP1, normalized to total vinculin levels. (G) Ratio of spliced to unspliced XBP1 protein levels. (H) Representative images and (I) quantification of liver tissue sections stained with antibodies against spliced XBP1. p-Values were calculated via the Student's T-test with five biological replicates per group. Scale bars = 120 μm.