Table 1.
(a) Descriptive characteristics. (b) Physical fitness, cognitive, and DTI data at the baseline. (c) Physical fitness, cognitive, and DTI data after 6 months. Mean ± standard deviation. ∗Significant difference.
| DI group | Control group | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (a) Descriptive characteristics | |||
| N | 37 | 39 | — |
| Gender | 32 F/5 M | 26 F/13 M | 0.042∗ |
| Age | 69.3 ± 5.3 | 68.9 ± 6.3 | 0.607 |
| Years of education | 15.0 ± 2.2 | 15.0 ± 3.0 | 0.084 |
| HC/MCI | 28/9 | 23/16 | 0.121 |
| (b) Baseline—physical fitness, cognitive, and DTI data | |||
| 8-Foot Up-and-Go Test (seconds) | 5.1 ± 1.5 | 5.3 ± 1.4 | 0.890 |
| 30-Second Chair Stand Test (number of repetitions) | 14.9 ± 4.0 | 16.8 ± 4.8 | 0.191 |
| MoCA | 27.4 ± 2.7 | 25.8 ± 2.7 | 0.004∗ |
| Memory (Z-score) | 1.11 ± 1.01 | 0.93 ± 0.89 | 0.374 |
| Attention (Z-score) | 0.08 ± 0.58 | 0.02 ± 0.71 | 0.559 |
| Executive (Z-score) | −0.35 ± 0.63 | −0.30 ± 0.74 | 0.831 |
| Visuospatial (Z-score) | 0.29 ± 0.55 | 0.38 ± 0.56 | 0.417 |
| Language (Z-score) | 0.39 ± 0.46 | 0.40 ± 0.42 | 0.872 |
| Global WM FA | 0.43 ± 0.02 | 0.42 ± 0.02 | 0.979 |
| Global WM MD (mm2s−1) | 0.0007 ± 0.00002 | 0.0007 ± 0.00005 | 0.230 |
| (c) After 6 months—physical fitness, cognitive, and DTI data | |||
| 8-Foot Up-and-Go Test (seconds) | 4.8 ± 1.2 | 5.6 ± 2.3 | 0.537 |
| 30-Second Chair Stand Test (number of repetitions) | 16.4 ± 4.1 | 16.2 ± 6.3 | 1.000 |
| MoCA | 27.0 ± 2.7 | 26.6 ± 2.5 | 0.367 |
| Memory (Z-score) | 1.30 ± 0.77 | 1.15 ± 0.92 | 0.318 |
| Attention (Z-score) | 0.26 ± 0.71 | −0.06 ± 0.75 | 0.046∗ |
| Executive (Z-score) | −0.02 ± 0.82 | −0.22 ± 0.65 | 0.278 |
| Visuospatial (Z-score) | 0.30 ± 0.59 | 0.48 ± 0.55 | 0.166 |
| Language (Z-score) | 0.46 ± 0.43 | 0.42 ± 0.51 | 0.826 |
| Global WM FA | 0.43 ± 0.02 | 0.43 ± 0.02 | 0.751 |
| Global WM MD (mm2s−1) | 0.0007 ± 0.00002 | 0.0007 ± 0.00005 | 0.238 |