Table 2.

Longitudinal relationship between diabetes and clinically significant depressive symptoms and the effect of demographic, health and socioeconomic characteristics in older adults from Mexico

	M1 Demographic characteristics	M2 Demographic and health characteristics	M3 Demographic, health and socioeconomic characteristics
Diabetes
Diabetes	1.72*** (1.51 to 1.94)	1.65*** (1.45 to 1.88)	0.88 (0.77 to 1.01)
New diagnosis of diabetes	1.32** (1.08 to 1.61)	1.23 (0.99 to 1.51)	0.87 (0.69 to 1.11)
Age
Age	1.02*** (1.01 to 1.03)	0.99*** (0.90 to 1.01)	0.98*** (0.97 to 0.99)
Increasing age	1.00 (0.99 to 1.00)	0.99* (0.99 to 1.00)	0.98** (0.97 to 0.99)
Gender†
Female	2.94*** (2.93 to 2.65)	2.28*** (2.03 to 2.56)	1.92*** (1.70 to 2.17)
Marital status‡
Not in partnership	1.64*** (1.56 to 1.92)	1.67*** (1.50 to 1.85)	1.72*** (1.54 to 1.92)
Education§
Primary school		1.69*** (1.46 to 1.95)	1.08 (0.94 to 1.25)
Less than primary school		2.38*** (2.08 to 2.71)	1.30*** (1.12 to 1.47)
No education		3.01*** (2.58 to 3.51)	1.58*** (1.32 to 1.83)
Net worth
Lower net worth		1.18*** (1.13 to 1.24)	1.09*** (1.04 to 1.15)
Change in net worth		1.00 (0.97 to 1.04)	0.98 (0.94 to 1.03)
Work
No work		1.57*** (1.35 to 1.83)	1.21* (1.03 to 1.40)
Change in work status		1.19** (1.05 to 1.36)	1.12 (0.97 to 1.30)
BMI
Higher BMI			0.98** (0.97 to 0.99)
Change in BMI			1.00 (0.98 to 1.02)
Number of chronic conditions
Higher number			1.33*** (1.23 to 1.43)
Increasing number			1.24*** (1.12 to 1.38)
Self-rated health
Lower			4.95*** (4.51 to 5.68)
Worsening			2.08*** (1.90 to 2.28)
Significance	***	***	***
n	22 691	20 985	16 859
F-statistic	797	1023	1471

Own calculation using harmonized MHAS data set from the Gateway to Global Aging Data and the fourth wave of MHAS.

*P=0.05–0.01, **P=0.01–0.001, ***P<0.001 (95% CI).

†Reference category: male.

‡Reference category: married.

§Reference category: more than 7 years of education.

BMI, body mass index; MHAS, Mexican Health and Aging Study.