Table 2.

Clinical characteristics suggestive of primary aldosteronism

Sustained BP > 150/100 mmHg on each of 3 measurements obtained on different days

Hypertension (BP > 140/90 mmHg) resistant to 3 conventional antihypertensive drugs (including a diuretic)

Spontaneous or diuretic-induced hypokalemia

Hypertension and adrenal incidentaloma

Obstructive sleep apnea

Family history of primary aldosteronism and/or early-onset hypertension or cerebrovascular accident at a young age (< 40 years)

Atrial fibrillation not explained by other causes (i.e. valvular disease)

HMOD (i.e. LVH, diastolic dysfunction, microalbuminuria, CKD) in excess of what expect based on BP values

BP blood pressure, HMOD hypertension-mediated organ damage, LVH left ventricular hypertrophy, CKD chronic kidney disease