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. 2020 Oct 30;11:593542. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.593542

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Copyright © 2020 Biot, Bachert, Mlynek, Toothman, Koroleva, Lovett, Klimko, Palacios, Cote, Ladner and Bozue.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Intracellular replication of CipR and StrepR strains in J774A.1 murine macrophages. Gentamicin protection assays were used to assess intracellular replication of (A) F. novicida WT and two representative CipR and StrepR isolates, (B) the LVS CipR panel, and (C) the LVS StrepR panel. Macrophages were infected with F. novicida at an MOI ∼100 and cultured in the presence of gentamicin for 4 and 24 h, after which cells were lysed and plated for intracellular bacteria. % CFU recovery of each strain from 24 h compared to 4 h is shown in comparison to the parent F. novicida or LVS. Significance was determined using an ANOVA with Dunnett’s post-hoc procedure. ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^****p < 0.0001.