Table 2.

Predictors of health expenditure within 6 and 3 months before death (log-transformed COCI).

	6 months before death		3 months before death
	Exponentiated coefficients	95% CI	Exponentiated coefficients	95% CI
Provider COCI	0.92***	(0.91–0.93)	0.94***	(0.93–0.96)
Site COCI	0.99	(0.97–1.01)	0.99	(0.97–1.01)
Patient characteristics
Sex (control: male)	0.99	(0.98–1.01)	0.97***	(0.95–0.99)
Comorbidity (CCI)	1.05***	(1.05–1.05)	1.04***	(1.04–1.05)
Age at death	1.00***	(0.99–1.00)	0.99***	(0.99–1.00)
Insurable monthly earnings	1.00	(1.00–1.00)	1.00	(1.00–1.00)
Peritoneal dialysis (control: hemodialysis)	1.04	(0.99–1.09)	1.07*	(1.01–1.14)
Physician characteristics: visited the most for 6 months to one year before death
Physician sex (control: male)	1.00	(0.97–1.02)	0.99	(0.95–1.02)
Physician age	1.00	(1.00–1.00)	1.00	(1.00–1.00)
Physician Specialty: Internal medicine (control: nephrologist)	0.97*	(0.95–0.99)	0.97*	(0.94–1.00)
Physician specialty: family medicine (control: nephrologist)	0.95*	(0.91–0.99)	0.94*	(0.89–1.00)
Physician specialty: surgeon (control: nephrologist)	1.01	(0.98–1.04)	1.01	(0.97–1.05)
Physician specialty: others (control: nephrologist)	0.97*	(0.95–1.00)	0.97	(0.94–1.00)
Hospital characteristics: visited the most for 6 months to one year before death
Private hospitals (control: public)	0.99	(0.97–1.01)	1.00	(0.97–1.02)
Regional hospitals (control: medical centers)	0.98	(0.96–1.01)	0.99	(0.96–1.02)
Local hospitals (control: medical centers)	0.95***	(0.92–0.97)	0.93***	(0.90–0.96)
Local clinics (control: medical centers)	0.93***	(0.91–0.96)	0.94***	(0.91–0.97)
Homecare (control: Medical Centers)	0.75*	(0.57–0.98)	0.65*	(0.43–1.00)
Observations	29,095		29,095

Data are presented as exponentiated coefficients (95% CI). All the analyses were controlled for year of death and region.

COCI Continuity of Care Index, CI confidence interval, CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index.

***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05.