Table 1.

REFSEQ ID (rs), chromosomal location, occurrence, ethnicity, added/subtracted transcription factor (TF) prediction, and estimated expression outcome in the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2) proximal, and core promoter sequence.

Gene	SNP, rs	Location (GRCh38)	Frequency in ethnic populations				Modification in TFBS Added↑ Subtracted↓	Possible impact
			Global	Africans	South Asia	East Asia/Korea
Human	rs4646114; C>T	chrX:15601259	0.2–2.2%	5.0–7.2%	0%	0%	NF-AT1, YY1**↑ c-Ets1**↓	Elevated transcription
ACE2	rs536092258, C>A	chrX:15601214	0.4%	0%	2.1%	0%	PR-B**, PR-A**↑, GR-α*↑	mRNA degradation
	rs4646115, T>C	chrX:15601146	0.1–0.6%	1.4–1.8%	0%	0%	C/EBPβ↑ GR-β**↓	Elevated transcription
	rs370596467, T>C	chrX:15600945	0.02–0.05%	0%	0.1–0.2%	0.1–0.4%	RXR-α, VDR↑ XBP1 ↓	Transcription suppression
Human TMPRSS2	rs61299115, delGGCGCAGCGC CGCGGCGCAGCGC>CGC	chr21:41508410-19	24.6–36.3%	29.7–32.5%	22.4%	0.9–1.8%	2X GCF ↓	Elevated transcription
	rs11088551, A>G	chr21:41508389	24.6–36.4%	29.7–32.6%	22.4%	1.0%-1.8%	AP2α ↑	Elevated transcription
	rs4303794, A>C	chr21: 41508379	24.6–36.4%	29.7–32.6%	22.4%	1.0–1.9%	PAX5 ↑	Elevated transcription

Only single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) above 1/1,000 occurrences are included.

^*pre-mature mRNA.

^**A TF that is less relevant due to location/functional constraints.