Table 3.
PRFs selected through the Delphi survey for each drug as the most important ones to foster safe prescribing of APs in older individuals.
| Indicators | Panel survey score (mean ± SD) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical relevance† | Feasibility* | Availability when asked‡ | |
| Haloperidol | |||
| Age | 1.05 ± 0.7 | 1.25 ± 0.76 | 1.10 ± 0,39 |
| Hepatic function | 2.00 ± 0.9 | 1.73 ± 0.80 | 1.81 ± 0.72 |
| Comorbidities | 1.50 ± 0.6 | 1.48 ± 0.59 | 1.73 ± 0.54 |
| EKG | 1.60 ± 0.6 | 1.94 ± 0.77 | 2.16 ± 0.76 |
| Electrolyte disturbances | 1.90 ± 0.9 | 1.20 ± 0.86 | 1.91 ± 0.74 |
| Co-medications | 1.30 ± 0.7 | 1.41 ± 0.81 | 1.78 ± 0.76 |
| Labeled indication | 1.50 ± 0.7 | 1.27 ± 0.54 | 1.67 ± 0.87 |
| Frailty/risk of falls | 1.60 ± 0.7 | 1.77 ± 0.76 | 1.91 ± 0.85 |
| Previous ADRs | 1.40 ± 0.5 | 1.92 ± 0.78 | 2.24 ± 1.06 |
| Cognitive status | 1.80 ± 0.8 | 1.66 ± 0.57 | 1.97 ± 0.78 |
| Benefit-risk ratio assessment | 1.30 ± 0.5 | 1.51 ± 0.64 | 1.92 ± 0.89 |
| Presence of Parkinson Disease | 2.00 ± 0.80 | 1.89 ± 0.77 | 1.75 ± 0.74 |
| Olanzapine/risperidone | |||
| Age | 1.03 ± 0.24 | 1.03 ± 0.24 | 1.06 ± 0.33 |
| Renal function | 1.78 ± 0.58 | 1.78 ± 0.58 | 1.63 ± 0.69 |
| Hepatic function | 1.90 ± 0.67 | 1.90 ± 0.97 | 1.67 ± 0.67 |
| Comorbidities | 1.40 ± 0.54 | 1.40 ± 0.54 | 1.63 ± 0.51 |
| Co-medications | 1.50 ± 0.79 | 1.50 ± 0.79 | 1.70 ± 0.51 |
| Hyperglycaemia/diabetes mellitus | 1.76 ± 0.55 | 1.76 ± 0.55 | 1.59 ± 0.54 |
| Weight | 2.16 ± 0.95 | 2.16 ± 0.95 | 1.80 ± 0.65 |
| Cardiovascular risk | 2.03 ± 0.68 | 2.03 ± 0.68 | 1.97 ± 0.72 |
| Labeled indication | 1.56 ± 0.87 | 1.56 ± 0.87 | 1.58 ± 0.76 |
| Frailty/Risk of falls | 1.82 ± 0.91 | 1.82 ± 0.91 | 1.84 ± 0.82 |
| Previous ADRs | 1.94 ± 0.94 | 1.94 ± 0.94 | 2.06 ± 0.77 |
| Cognitive status | 1.71 ± 0.80 | 1.71 ± 0.80 | 1.63 ± 0.66 |
| Benefit-risk ratio assessment | 1.64 ± 0.77 | 1.64 ± 0.77 | 1.68 ± 0.77 |
| Cerebrovascular risk | 1.93 ± 0.48 | 1.93 ± 0.88 | 1.87 ± 0.89 |
| Quetiapine | |||
| Age | 1.60 ± 0.80 | 1.15 ± 0.35 | 1.06 ± 0.33 |
| Hepatic function | 1.90 ± 0.80 | 1.69 ± 0.68 | 1.64 ± 0.61 |
| Comorbidities | 1.50 ± 0.60 | 1.41 ± 0.63 | 1.49 ± 0.50 |
| EKG | 2.00 ± 0.70 | 2.10 ± 0.74 | 1.77 ± 0.62 |
| Co-medication | 1.40 ± 0.50 | 1.44 ± 0.70 | 1.64 ± 0.51 |
| Cardiovascular risk | 1.90 ± 0.70 | 2.20 ± 1.00 | 1.94 ± 0.68 |
| Blood pressure | 2.00 ± 0.80 | 1.46 ± 0.60 | 1.25 ± 0.61 |
| Labeled indication | 1.50 ± 0.60 | 1.49 ± 0.61 | 1.59 ± 0.81 |
| Frailty/risk of falls | 1.60 ± 0.70 | 1.79 ± 0.75 | 1.71 ± 0.74 |
| Previous ADRs | 1.60 ± 0.80 | 1.82 ± 0.72 | 1.92 ± 0.81 |
| Cognitive status | 1.70 ± 0.80 | 1.65 ± 0.61 | 1.68 ± 0.74 |
| Benefit-risk ratio assessment | 1.50 ± 0.70 | 1.59 ± 0.63 | 1.67 ± 0.81 |
| Cerebrovascular risk | 1.80 ± 0.80 | 1.89 ± 0.82 | 1.93 ± 0.92 |
| Aripiprazole | |||
| Age | 1.60 ± 0.80 | 1.12 ± 0.31 | 1.03 ± 0.24 |
| Comorbidities | 1.60 ± 0.80 | 1.49 ± 0.55 | 1.66 ± 0.57 |
| Co-medications | 1.60 ± 0.70 | 1.69 ± 0.95 | 1.69 ± 0.95 |
| Cardiovascular risk | 2.00 ± 0.80 | 2.20 ± 1.00 | 1.99 ± 0.79 |
| Labeled indication | 1.60 ± 0.70 | 1.77 ± 1.03 | 1.77 ± 0.98 |
| Benefit-risk ratio assessment | 1.50 ± 0.70 | 1.71 ± 1.01 | 1.96 ± 0.98 |
| Cerebrovascular risk | 1.90 ± 0.70 | 2.01 ± 0.99 | 1.82 ± 0.93 |
| Clinical response and tolerability to previous APs | 1.60 ± 0.70 | 2.04 ± 0.99 | 2.16 ± 0.91 |
ADRs, Adverse Drug Reactions; Aps, Antipsychotics; EKG, Electrocardiogram.
†
Rating scale: 1-Very important; 2-Important; 3-Equivocal; 4-Less important; 5-Not important.
*
Feasibility in clinical practice means how often do healthcare professionals, namely prescribers, have access to the selected indicators in their daily practice; rating scale: 1-Always; 2-Frequently; 3-Sometimes; 4-Rarely; 5-Never.
‡
Rating scale: 1-Very easy; 2-Partially easy; 3-Equivocal; 4-Partially difficult; 5-Difficult.