TABLE 2—
Sensitivity Analyses Upon German Landkreise (Counties) Alongside Bavaria’s Border Before and After Bavaria Introduced Financial Penalties Against Lockdown Violations: Germany, March 15–May 11, 2020
| Dependent Variable | Treatment Lag | DiD (95% CI) |
| Reproduction number | ||
| Age ≥ 60 y | 4 d | −0.03 (−0.21, 0.15) |
| Model 1a | 4 d | −0.19 (−0.32, −0.06 |
| Model 2b | 4 d | −0.42 (−0.56, −0.28) |
| Growth rate | ||
| Model 1a | 4 d | −0.09 (−0.12, −0.06) |
| Model 2b | 4 d | −0.08 (−0.13, −0.04) |
Notes. CI = confidence interval; DiD = difference-in-difference. Bavaria introduced financial penalties on March 20.
a
Models excluding anomalous cases (Biberach, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Odenwaldkreis, Schmalkalden-Meiningen, Schwabisch Hall, and Vogtlandkreis).
b
Models replacing missing values with zero.