Table 1.
Demographics of first responder sample and tests of independence by service role
| Characteristic | Total (N = 171) n (%) |
Traditional (N = 140) n (%) |
Emotional support (N = 31) n(%) |
χ2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Organization | ||||
| Law enforcement agency | 67 (39) | 67 (48) | 0 (0) | |
| Fire department | 62 (36) | 62 (44) | 0 (0) | |
| Trauma Intervention Program | 31 (18) | 0(0) | 31 (100) | |
| Emergency medical services | 20 (12) | 20 (14) | 0 (0) | |
| Multiple organizations | 17 (10) | 17 (12) | 0 (0) | |
| Age (in years) | 29.33*** | |||
| 18–29 | 29 (17) | 22 (16) | 7(23) | |
| 30–39 | 51 (30) | 48 (34) | 3(10) | |
| 40–49 | 54 (32) | 50 (36) | 4(13) | |
| 50 or more | 37 (22) | 20 (14) | 17(55) | |
| Gender | 66.09*** | |||
| Male | 125 (73) | 121 (86) | 4(13) | |
| Female | 46 (27) | 19 (14) | 27(87) | |
| Race | 0.00 | |||
| White or Caucasian | 158 (92) | 129 (92) | 29(94) | |
| Other | 13(8) | 11(8) | 2 (6) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.73 | |||
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 158 (92) | 131 (94) | 27(87) | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 13(8) | 9(6) | 4(13) | |
| Religion | 1.14 | |||
| Christian | 93 (54) | 74 (53) | 19(61) | |
| Agnostic/atheist | 33 (19) | 29 (21) | 4(13) | |
| Other | 45 (26) | 37 (26) | 8(26) | |
| Relationship status | 13.31*** | |||
| In a relationship | 137 (80) | 120 (86) | 17(55) | |
| Not in a relationship | 34 (20) | 20 (14) | 14(45) | |
| Parental status | 0.53 | |||
| Parent or legal guardian | 117 (68) | 98 (70) | 19(61) | |
| Not a parent or legal guardian | 54 (32) | 42 (30) | 12(39) | |
| Living arrangement | 2.32 | |||
| With family | 131 (77) | 111 (79) | 20(65) | |
| Not with family | 40 (23) | 29 (21) | 11(35) | |
| Employment status | 25.89*** | |||
| Full-time | 152 (89) | 133 (95) | 19(61) | |
| Less than full-time | 19 (11) | 7(5) | 12(39) | |
| Income range | 8.99** | |||
| Greater than $100,000 | 109 (64) | 97 (69) | 12(39) | |
| Less than $100,00 | 62 (36) | 43 (31) | 19(61) | |
| Education level | 0.42 | |||
| Less than bachelor’s degree | 89 (52) | 75 (54) | 14(45) | |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 82 (48) | 65 (46) | 17(55) | |
The percentage points for the organization variable sum to greater than 100% because roughly 10% of all participants belonged to more than one organization, as indicated by the “Multiple organizations” category
**p < .01. ***p < .001