Table 1.
Participant characteristics and cognitive profiles at baseline.
| Characteristic | All | Qigong group | Control group | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 51 | 25 | 26 | ND |
| Sex, No. (%) | 0.14 | |||
| Male | 8 (15.7) | 2 (8.0) | 6 (23.1) | |
| Female | 43 (83.3) | 23 (92.0) | 20 (76.9) | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 66.1 (4.4) | 66.7 (4.5) | 66.4 (4.3) | 0.57 |
| Education level, mean (SD), y | 11.0 (2.2) | 11.1 (2.3) | 10.9 (2.2) | 0.67 |
| Cognitive profile, mean (SD), score | ||||
| MoCA | 23.8 (2.4) | 23.7 (2.8) | 23.8 (2.0) | 0.85 |
| RBANS total | 177.9 (13.6) | 175.1 (13.9) | 180.7 (13.0) | 0.14 |
| Immediate memory | 33.2 (5.9) | 32.6 (6.7) | 33.8 (4.8) | 0.47 |
| Visuospatial/Constructional | 30.7 (4.2) | 30.3 (3.5) | 31.2 (4.8) | 0.46 |
| Language | 27.0 (3.4) | 26.8 (3.9) | 27.2 (2.9) | 0.71 |
| Attention | 46.6 (8.9) | 45.2 (10.3) | 48.0 (7.3) | 0.25 |
| Delayed memory | 40.4 (4.8) | 40.3 (4.8) | 40.4 (4.8) | 0.83 |
MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Basic, Chinese version; ND, not determined; RBANS, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status.