TABLE 8.
Association between the risk factors and MCI: age- and sex-adjusted as well as multivariate-adjusted risk factors (adjusted ORs and 95% CIs; n = 4,631).
| Variables | Age and sex adjusted |
Multiple factor adjusted |
||
| OR (95%CI) | P-valuea | OR (95%CI) | P-value | |
| Distal risk factorsb | ||||
| Age group (years) | ||||
| 60–64 | 1.00 (reference) | – | 1.00 (reference) | – |
| 65–69 | 0.83 (0.64, 1.06) | 0.13 | 0.80 (0.62, 1.02) | 0.075 |
| 70–74 | 1.29 (1.00, 1.66) | 0.052 | 1.20 (0.93, 1.56) | 0.17 |
| ≥75 | 1.67 (1.22, 2.27)e | <0.01 | 1.52 (1.10, 2.08) | 0.011 |
| P for trenda | <0.001 | <0.01 | ||
| Females vs. males | 1.61 (1.32, 1.97) | <0.0001 | 1.47 (1.20, 1.81) | <0.001 |
| High school and above | 0.68 (0.49, 0.92) | 0.014 | 0.74 (0.52, 1.02) | 0.073 |
| P for trend | 0.21 | |||
| Income status (RMB) | ||||
| <3,000 | 1.00 (reference) | – | 1.00 (reference) | – |
| 3,000–5,000 | 0.90 (0.67, 1.19) | 0.46 | 0.95 (0.71, 1.27) | 0.74 |
| >5,000 | 0.69 (0.49, 0.94) | 0.024 | 0.78 (0.54, 1.09) | 0.16 |
| P for trend | 0.023 | 0.18 | ||
| Married vs. unmarried | 0.81 (0.62, 1.07) | 0.12 | 0.83 (0.64, 1.10) | 0.20 |
| Working vs. No work | 0.72 (0.43, 1.13) | 0.17 | 0.69 (0.41, 1.08) | 0.13 |
| Life style behavior risk factorsc | ||||
| PA (METs × h/w) (≥ 23.0 vs. <23.0) | 0.72 (0.60, 0.88) | <0.01 | 0.78 (0.64, 0.96) | 0.015 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Non-smoker | 1.00 (reference) | – | 1.00 (reference) | – |
| Ex-smoker | 0.69 (0.42, 1.10) | 0.13 | 0.66 (0.40, 1.05) | 0.092 |
| Current smoker | 1.20 (0.94, 1.52) | 0.15 | 1.20 (0.93, 1.53) | 0.15 |
| P for trend | 0.16 | 0.29 | ||
| Alcohol drinking | 0.86 (0.64, 1.16) | 0.32 | 0.84 (0.61, 1.13) | 0.25 |
| Sleep duration (h) | ||||
| <6.5 h | 0.98 (0.61, 1.50) | 0.91 | 0.95 (0.59, 1.47) | 0.83 |
| 6.5–8.5 h | 1.00 (reference) | – | 1.00 (reference) | – |
| >8.5 h | 1.56 (1.28, 1.90) | <0.0001 | 1.48 (1.21, 1.81) | <0.01 |
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.01 | ||
| Proximal risk factorsd | ||||
| Sleepiness (scores) | 1.86 (1.41, 2.44) | <0.0001 | 1.80 (1.36, 2.37) | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.95 (0.92, 0.98) | <0.001 | 0.92 (0.89, 0.95) | <0.0001 |
| GS(per body weight) (kg/kg) | 0.54 (0.41, 0.71) | <0.0001 | 0.50 (0.38, 0.67) | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 1.37 (1.12, 1.67) | <0.01 | 1.44 (1.18, 1.77) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 1.03 (0.80, 1.31) | 0.79 | 1.01 (0.78, 1.30) | 0.92 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 0.75 (0.62, 0.92) | <0.01 | 0.83 (0.67, 1.02) | 0.070 |
BMI, body mass index; GS, grip strength; PA, physical activity; METs, metabolic equivalents. aObtained by using multiple logistic regression analysis. bAdditionally adjusted for education level, income status, marriage status, employment status. cAdditionally adjusted for education level, income status, marriage status, employment status, physical activity, smoking status, drinking status, sleep duration. dAdditionally adjusted for education level, income status, marriage status, employment status, physical activity, smoking status, drinking status, sleep duration, BMI, GS, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, sleepiness. eBoldface indicates statistical significance (P < 0.05) (or appropriate value).